Album Sachsen / Saxony from Martin M. Miles

Leipzig - Völkerschlachtdenkmal

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 19 Jul 2023 22:35:40 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Leipzig - Bayerischer Bahnhof

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 19 Jul 2023 22:08:40 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Leipzig - Augustusplatz

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 19 Jul 2023 21:25:23 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.
The Augustusplatz is the city's largest square and one of the largest squares in Germany. It has been named after Friedrich August I (1750–1827), the first ruler of the Kingdom of Saxony, since 1837 and was called Karl-Marx-Platz from August 1945 until German reunification in 1990.

The City-Hochhaus is a 36-story skyscraper and at 142 m, it is the tallest building in Leipzig. The tower was designed by architect H. Henselmann in the shape of an open book and built between 1968 and 1972. Adjoining this are two university buildings on the west side, the New Augusteum and the Paulinum – Aula and University Church of St. Pauli, which were completed in 2012 and the end of 2017, respectively.

For about five centuries, the university had its own church, the Paulinerkirche. All university buildings except the Paulinerkirche were badly damaged in bombing raids in 1943, but some were made usable again after the war. Despite only minor damage from WWII, the university church was blown up in 1968 for political reasons.

The new building was designed by Erick van Egeraat. It contains the university's assembly hall with an oratory, as well as rooms of the faculties for information science and mathematics. The assembly hall, which was erected on exactly the same site as the old university church, exhibits figures and other objects from Paulinerkirche and offers a room of prayer.

Leipzig - Specks Hof

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 19 Jul 2023 20:44:59 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.

Specks Hof

From about 1430 there was a large building which served as a residential house, brewery and wine cellar. The house was bought by Maximilian Speck von Sternburg in 1815 and from then on it was called Specks Hof.

Until 1908 the house passed through several hands until it was bought by Paul Schmutzler and architect Emil Franz Hänsel.

After three large construction phases, the newly built Specks Hof was the largest exhibition building in the city with an exhibition area of 10,000 m².

During WWII, the building complex was severely damaged in 1943 and lost its roof structures. Reconstruction began in 1947 and lasted until 1960. The arcade area was renovated in 1981/1982. Leipzig painters Heinz-Jürgen Böhme and Detlef Lieffertz restored the advertising scenes in Atrium C created by Otto Josef Olbers and Theodor Illing in 1927.

This work was lost during the extensive restoration of the building from 1993 to 1995 when Atrium C was enlarged. During this restoration, much of the artistic decoration of the atriums was created. Initially, the historic passages were to be eliminated, but opposition from the public and preservationists eventually led to the compromise of preserving the passages and one atrium and enlarging two atriums.

Leipzig - Specks Hof

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 19 Jul 2023 20:23:30 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.

Specks Hof

From about 1430 there was a large building which served as a residential house, brewery and wine cellar. The house was bought by Maximilian Speck von Sternburg in 1815 and from then on it was called Specks Hof.

Until 1908 the house passed through several hands until it was bought by Paul Schmutzler and architect Emil Franz Hänsel.

After three large construction phases, the newly built Specks Hof was the largest exhibition building in the city with an exhibition area of 10,000 m².

During WWII, the building complex was severely damaged in 1943 and lost its roof structures. Reconstruction began in 1947 and lasted until 1960. The arcade area was renovated in 1981/1982. Leipzig painters Heinz-Jürgen Böhme and Detlef Lieffertz restored the advertising scenes in Atrium C created by Otto Josef Olbers and Theodor Illing in 1927.

This work was lost during the extensive restoration of the building from 1993 to 1995 when Atrium C was enlarged. During this restoration, much of the artistic decoration of the atriums was created. Initially, the historic passages were to be eliminated, but opposition from the public and preservationists eventually led to the compromise of preserving the passages and one atrium and enlarging two atriums.

Leipzig - Specks Hof

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 19 Jul 2023 20:17:37 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.

Specks Hof

From about 1430 there was a large building which served as a residential house, brewery and wine cellar. The house was bought by Maximilian Speck von Sternburg in 1815 and from then on it was called Specks Hof.

Until 1908 the house passed through several hands until it was bought by Paul Schmutzler and architect Emil Franz Hänsel.

After three large construction phases, the newly built Specks Hof was the largest exhibition building in the city with an exhibition area of 10,000 m².

During WWII, the building complex was severely damaged in 1943 and lost its roof structures. Reconstruction began in 1947 and lasted until 1960. The arcade area was renovated in 1981/1982. Leipzig painters Heinz-Jürgen Böhme and Detlef Lieffertz restored the advertising scenes in Atrium C created by Otto Josef Olbers and Theodor Illing in 1927.

This work was lost during the extensive restoration of the building from 1993 to 1995 when Atrium C was enlarged. During this restoration, much of the artistic decoration of the atriums was created. Initially, the historic passages were to be eliminated, but opposition from the public and preservationists eventually led to the compromise of preserving the passages and one atrium and enlarging two atriums.

Leipzig - Specks Hof

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Tue, 18 Jul 2023 22:04:07 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.

Specks Hof

From about 1430 there was a large building which served as a residential house, brewery and wine cellar. The house was bought by Maximilian Speck von Sternburg in 1815 and from then on it was called Specks Hof.

Until 1908 the house passed through several hands until it was bought by
Paul Schmutzler and architect Emil Franz Hänsel.

After three large construction phases, the newly built Specks Hof was the largest exhibition building in the city with an exhibition area of 10,000 m².

During WWII, the building complex was severely damaged in 1943 and lost its roof structures. Reconstruction began in 1947 and lasted until 1960. The arcade area was renovated in 1981/1982. Leipzig painters Heinz-Jürgen Böhme and Detlef Lieffertz restored the advertising scenes in Atrium C created by Otto Josef Olbers and Theodor Illing in 1927.

This work was lost during the extensive restoration of the building from 1993 to 1995 when Atrium C was enlarged. During this restoration, much of the artistic decoration of the atriums was created. Initially, the historic passages were to be eliminated, but opposition from the public and preservationists eventually led to the compromise of preserving the passages and one atrium and enlarging two atriums.

Leipzig - Specks Hof

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Tue, 18 Jul 2023 21:55:02 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.

Specks Hof

From about 1430 there was a large building which served as a residential house, brewery and wine cellar. The house was bought by Maximilian Speck von Sternburg in 1815 and from then on it was called Specks Hof.

Until 1908 the house passed through several hands until it was bought by
Paul Schmutzler and architect Emil Franz Hänsel.

After three large construction phases, the newly built Specks Hof was the largest exhibition building in the city with an exhibition area of 10,000 m².

During WWII, the building complex was severely damaged in 1943 and lost its roof structures. Reconstruction began in 1947 and lasted until 1960. The arcade area was renovated in 1981/1982. Leipzig painters Heinz-Jürgen Böhme and Detlef Lieffertz restored the advertising scenes in Atrium C created by Otto Josef Olbers and Theodor Illing in 1927.

This work was lost during the extensive restoration of the building from 1993 to 1995 when Atrium C was enlarged. During this restoration, much of the artistic decoration of the atriums was created. Initially, the historic passages were to be eliminated, but opposition from the public and preservationists eventually led to the compromise of preserving the passages and one atrium and enlarging two atriums.

Leipzig - Nikolaikirche

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Mon, 17 Jul 2023 20:36:12 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.

The Nikolaikirche is the oldest and largest church in downtown Leipzig. The church was built in Romanesque style from 1165 on after Leipzig was granted city and market rights. In the 15th and 16th centuries, after Leipzig became extremely prosperous thanks to silver discoveries in the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), it was expanded and completely converted into a three-aisled, late Gothic hall church.

The Reformation began in Leipzig in 1539 with the sermons of the reformers Justus Jonas the Elder and Martin Luther.

German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was baptized here in 1646. Johann Sebastian Bach performed numerous of his cantatas and oratorios for the first time with the Thomanerchor here, including the St. John Passion, his most extensive work up to that point, on Good Friday, April 7, 1724.

Despite the policy of state atheism in East Germany, a Christian pastor regularly met with his congregation at St. Nicholas Church in Leipzig for prayer from 1982 onward.
In Leipzig, the demonstrations began on 4 September 1989 after the weekly "Friedensgebet" (prayer for peace) in the Nikolaikirche and eventually filled the nearby Karl Marx Square (today known again as Augustusplatz). Safe in the knowledge that the Lutheran Church supported their resistance, many dissatisfied East German citizens gathered in the court of the church, and non-violent demonstrations began in order to demand rights such as the freedom to travel and to elect a democratic government. Over the next seven years, the crowd grew, despite authorities barricading the streets leading to it, and after church services, peaceful candlelit marches took place. The secret police issued death threats and even attacked some of the marchers, but the crowd still continued to gather.

On 9 October 1989, the police and army units were given permission to use force against those assembled, but this did not deter the church service and march from taking place along the inner city ring road, which gathered 70,000 people. On 16 October 1989, 120,000 demonstrators turned up, with military units again being held on stand-by in the vicinity. The week after, the number more than doubled to 320,000. This pressure and other key events eventually led to the fall of the Berlin Wall on 9 November 1989, marking the imminent end of the socialist GDR regime.

Leipzig - Nikolaikirche

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Mon, 17 Jul 2023 20:31:38 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Even before Leipzig was first mentioned in a document in 1015, a Slavic settlement existed here. The city was founded in 1165 when Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen granted city and market rights to the city at the intersection of the Via Regia and the Via Imperii.

Leipzig was in the Margraviate of Meissen, which became part of the Electorate of Saxony in 1439. Leipzig then belonged to the Duchy of Saxony, whose capital was chosen to be Dresden, which had been insignificant compared to Leipzig or Meissen. Leipzig was often the place where the state parliament met, but Leipzig was never a residence city or a bishop's seat and has always been shaped by the urban bourgeoisie.

The University of Leipzig was founded in 1409 as "Alma Mater Lipsiensis" and was thus one of the three oldest universities in Germany. After being elevated to the status of "Reichsmessestadt" (imperial trade fair city) in 1497 and an extension of the staple right by the future Emperor Maximilian I, Leipzig became a trade fair city of European standing. It developed into the most important German trading center for the exchange of goods between Eastern and Western Europe. Alongside London, the Leipziger Brühl became the international trade center for the fur industry, and the important role played by the Leipzig Jewish community was closely linked to it.

In 1539, the Reformation was finally introduced in Leipzig by Luther and Justus Jonas. Over decades, the development of Leipzig was characterized above all by the constantly improving living conditions. As a trading and trade fair city of increasing importance, Leipzig benefited from the wealthy Leipzig merchant class.

The Thirty Years' War was a severe cut in the prosperous development of the city. Between 1631 and 1642 the city was besieged five times, from 1642 to 1650 it was occupied by the Swedes.

The "Völkerschlacht" (Battle of Leipzig) near Leipzig took place in 1813. In this battle, the allied armies of Austria, Prussia, Russia and Sweden defeated Napoleon's troops and their allies which ultimately led to Napoleon's banishment to the island of Elba.

The Nikolaikirche is the oldest and largest church in downtown Leipzig. The church was built in Romanesque style from 1165 on after Leipzig was granted city and market rights. In the 15th and 16th centuries, after Leipzig became extremely prosperous thanks to silver discoveries in the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), it was expanded and completely converted into a three-aisled, late Gothic hall church.

The Reformation began in Leipzig in 1539 with the sermons of the reformers Justus Jonas the Elder and Martin Luther.

German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was baptized here in 1646. Johann Sebastian Bach performed numerous of his cantatas and oratorios for the first time with the Thomanerchor here, including the St. John Passion, his most extensive work up to that point, on Good Friday, April 7, 1724.

Despite the policy of state atheism in East Germany, a Christian pastor regularly met with his congregation at St. Nicholas Church in Leipzig for prayer from 1982 onward.
In Leipzig, the demonstrations began on 4 September 1989 after the weekly "Friedensgebet" (prayer for peace) in the Nikolaikirche and eventually filled the nearby Karl Marx Square (today known again as Augustusplatz). Safe in the knowledge that the Lutheran Church supported their resistance, many dissatisfied East German citizens gathered in the court of the church, and non-violent demonstrations began in order to demand rights such as the freedom to travel and to elect a democratic government. Over the next seven years, the crowd grew, despite authorities barricading the streets leading to it, and after church services, peaceful candlelit marches took place. The secret police issued death threats and even attacked some of the marchers, but the crowd still continued to gather.

On 9 October 1989, the police and army units were given permission to use force against those assembled, but this did not deter the church service and march from taking place along the inner city ring road, which gathered 70,000 people. On 16 October 1989, 120,000 demonstrators turned up, with military units again being held on stand-by in the vicinity. The week after, the number more than doubled to 320,000. This pressure and other key events eventually led to the fall of the Berlin Wall on 9 November 1989, marking the imminent end of the socialist GDR regime.

Leipzig - Brühl

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Mon, 17 Jul 2023 20:18:28 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Leipzig - Museum der bildenden Künste

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 16 Jul 2023 16:11:47 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The museum dates back to the founding of the "Leipziger Kunstverein" (Leipzig Art Association) by Leipzig art collectors and promoters in 1837.

In 1858 a museum building was inaugurated on Augustusplatz.

In 1937, the National Socialists confiscated 394 paintings and graphics, mainly of Expressionism, as part of the propaganda campaign "Degenerate Art". In 1943 the building was destroyed by a British air raid. A large part of the holdings had previously been brought to safety in the Leipzig area and in Leipzig itself.

In the mid-1990s, the city decided to give the museum a new building. On 4 December 2004, exactly 61 years after the destruction of the museum on Augustusplatz, the new museum opened at the former Sachsenplatz.

Torgau - Schloss Hartenfels

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 14:17:54 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The place was first mentioned in a document from 973. It fell under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire, and a stone castle was built, around which the settlement congregated. A market is attested in 1119.

Torgau belonged to the duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg, which in 1356 was raised to be the Electorate of Saxony. After the last Ascanian duke died without issue in 1423, the Electorate passed to the Wettin dynasty, which took up its residence at Torgau.

After 1485 Friedrich III, Elector of Saxony and his successors had Schloss Hartenfels (Hartenfels Castle) at Torgau built. During the Reformation, the town council closed all monasteries in 1523. Citizens of Torgau destroyed paintings and statues of saints in the churches and stormed the Franciscan monastery.
Hartenfels Castle is a Renaissance castle that Elector Friedrich III. and his successors built into the new main residence. The construction of the palace was started in the 15th century by Konrad Pfluger and continued in the 16th century by Konrad Krebs. It is the largest completely preserved palace from the early Renaissance in Germany.

The bridge to the castle leads over the moat, where bears are traditionally kept. Being ogled by tourists all day long can be very tiring for a bear.

Torgau - Schloss Hartenfels

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Fri, 14 Jul 2023 14:04:03 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Torgau - Marienkirche

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 15:59:56 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The place was first mentioned in a document from 973. It fell under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire, and a stone castle was built, around which the settlement congregated. A market is attested in 1119.

Torgau belonged to the duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg, which in 1356 was raised to be the Electorate of Saxony. After the last Ascanian duke died without issue in 1423, the Electorate passed to the Wettin dynasty, which took up its residence at Torgau.

After 1485 Friedrich III, Elector of Saxony and his successors had Schloss Hartenfels (Hartenfels Castle) at Torgau built. During the Reformation, the town council closed all monasteries in 1523. Citizens of Torgau destroyed paintings and statues of saints in the churches and stormed the Franciscan monastery.

The Marienkirche is a late Gothic hall church with older components. The construction goes back to Romanesque origins, which have been preserved in the west building of the church. They originate from a Romanesque basilica built between 1200 and 1220. The present hall church was probably built after 1380 starting with the choir. The roof truss was dendrochronologically dated to 1463.

The Gravestone of Katharina von Bora, Martin Luther's widow, who died in Torgau in 1552. While fleeing the plague, she had an accident here in a carriage and succumbed to her injuries.

Torgau - Marienkirche

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 15:46:04 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The place was first mentioned in a document from 973. It fell under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire, and a stone castle was built, around which the settlement congregated. A market is attested in 1119.

Torgau belonged to the duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg, which in 1356 was raised to be the Electorate of Saxony. After the last Ascanian duke died without issue in 1423, the Electorate passed to the Wettin dynasty, which took up its residence at Torgau.

After 1485 Friedrich III, Elector of Saxony and his successors had Schloss Hartenfels (Hartenfels Castle) at Torgau built. During the Reformation, the town council closed all monasteries in 1523. Citizens of Torgau destroyed paintings and statues of saints in the churches and stormed the Franciscan monastery.

The Marienkirche is a late Gothic hall church with older components. The construction goes back to Romanesque origins, which have been preserved in the west building of the church. They originate from a Romanesque basilica built between 1200 and 1220. The present hall church was probably built after 1380 starting with the choir. The roof truss was dendrochronologically dated to 1463.

Under the gothic vault

Torgau - Marienkirche

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 13:32:28 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The place was first mentioned in a document from 973. It fell under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire, and a stone castle was built, around which the settlement congregated. A market is attested in 1119.

Torgau belonged to the duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg, which in 1356 was raised to be the Electorate of Saxony. After the last Ascanian duke died without issue in 1423, the Electorate passed to the Wettin dynasty, which took up its residence at Torgau.

After 1485 Friedrich III, Elector of Saxony and his successors had Schloss Hartenfels (Hartenfels Castle) at Torgau built. During the Reformation, the town council closed all monasteries in 1523. Citizens of Torgau destroyed paintings and statues of saints in the churches and stormed the Franciscan monastery.

The Marienkirche is a late Gothic hall church with older components. The construction goes back to Romanesque origins, which have been preserved in the west building of the church. They originate from a Romanesque basilica built between 1200 and 1220. The present hall church was probably built after 1380 starting with the choir. The roof truss was dendrochronologically dated to 1463.

Torgau - Marienkirche

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 11:59:52 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The place was first mentioned in a document from 973. It fell under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire, and a stone castle was built, around which the settlement congregated. A market is attested in 1119.

Torgau belonged to the duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg, which in 1356 was raised to be the Electorate of Saxony. After the last Ascanian duke died without issue in 1423, the Electorate passed to the Wettin dynasty, which took up its residence at Torgau.

After 1485 Friedrich III, Elector of Saxony and his successors had Schloss Hartenfels (Hartenfels Castle) at Torgau built. During the Reformation, the town council closed all monasteries in 1523. Citizens of Torgau destroyed paintings and statues of saints in the churches and stormed the Franciscan monastery.

The Marienkirche is a late Gothic hall church with older components. The construction goes back to Romanesque origins, which have been preserved in the west building of the church. They originate from a Romanesque basilica built between 1200 and 1220. The present hall church was probably built after 1380 starting with the choir. The roof truss was dendrochronologically dated to 1463.

Torgau - Mohren Apotheke

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 10:51:00 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The place was first mentioned in a document from 973. It fell under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire, and a stone castle was built, around which the settlement congregated. A market is attested in 1119.

Torgau belonged to the duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg, which in 1356 was raised to be the Electorate of Saxony. After the last Ascanian duke died without issue in 1423, the Electorate passed to the Wettin dynasty, which took up its residence at Torgau.

After 1485 Friedrich III, Elector of Saxony and his successors had Schloss Hartenfels (Hartenfels Castle) at Torgau built. During the Reformation, the town council closed all monasteries in 1523. Citizens of Torgau destroyed paintings and statues of saints in the churches and stormed the Franciscan monastery.
It is claimed that the "Mohren Apotheke" is one of the oldest pharmacies in Germany.

Founded around 1503 by Johann Scheffer, a member of the city council and in 1515 mayor of Torgau. In 1522 Elector Friedrich der Weise (Frederick the Wise) grants a sovereign privilege to Ambrosius Möllicher with reference to his predecessor Scheffer.

Torgau - Rathaus

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 13 Jul 2023 10:32:07 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted: