https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/934410 https://cdn.ipernity.com/p/105/57/EF/323415.buddy.jpg https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/934410 Thu, 27 Aug 2026 10:38:04 +0000 Thu, 27 Aug 2026 10:38:04 +0000 https://www.ipernity.com https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51657728/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2022-11-05,doc-51657728 Sat, 05 Nov 2022 22:54:33 +0000 2022-02-01T18:21:23+01:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51657728/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/77/28/51657728.89fba538.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="191" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Reggio Calabria is the largest city in Calabria. It has an estimated population of nearly 200,000. Reggio is the oldest city in the region, and during ancient times, it was an important and flourishing colony of Magna Graecia. It is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. Today Reggio has a modern urban system, set up after the catastrophic earthquake of 1908, which destroyed most of the city. The seismicity is caused by Reggio being on the Eurasian Plate near the faultline where it meets the African Plate that runs through the strait, dividing the two European regions of Calabria and Sicily into two different tectonic regions.<br /> <br /> Reggio, located opposite Messina, always had strategic importance. Invasions by the Vandals, the Lombards, and the Goths occurred in the 5th–6th centuries. Then, under Byzantine rule, it became a metropolis of Byzantine possessions in Italy. Until the 15th century, Reggio was one of the most important Greek-rite Bishoprics in Italy. The Arabs occupied Reggio in 918. For brief periods in the 10th–11th centuries, the city was ruled by the Arabs and it became part of the Emirate of Sicily. In 1005, a Christian fleet coming from Pisa sacked the city and massacred all the Saracens to the great jubilation of the local population. In 1060 the Normans, under Robert Guiscard and Roger I of Sicily, captured Reggio. In 1194 Reggio and the whole of southern Italy went to the Hohenstaufen, who held it until 1266. In 1234 the town fair was established by decree of King Frederick II.<br /> <br /> The first church building was erected around 300 AD on the ruins of a Greek temple of Apollo. It was expanded and rebuilt over the centuries. Completely destroyed by the earthquake of 1908, the cathedral was rebuilt in the neo-Romanesque style. The Cathedral was consecrated in 1928.</div> Reggio Calabria - Duomo di Reggio <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51657728/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/77/28/51657728.89fba538.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="191" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Reggio Calabria is the largest city in Calabria. It has an estimated population of nearly 200,000. Reggio is the oldest city in the region, and during ancient times, it was an important and flourishing colony of Magna Graecia. It is separated from the island of Sicily by the Strait of Messina. Today Reggio has a modern urban system, set up after the catastrophic earthquake of 1908, which destroyed most of the city. The seismicity is caused by Reggio being on the Eurasian Plate near the faultline where it meets the African Plate that runs through the strait, dividing the two European regions of Calabria and Sicily into two different tectonic regions.<br /> <br /> Reggio, located opposite Messina, always had strategic importance. Invasions by the Vandals, the Lombards, and the Goths occurred in the 5th–6th centuries. Then, under Byzantine rule, it became a metropolis of Byzantine possessions in Italy. Until the 15th century, Reggio was one of the most important Greek-rite Bishoprics in Italy. The Arabs occupied Reggio in 918. For brief periods in the 10th–11th centuries, the city was ruled by the Arabs and it became part of the Emirate of Sicily. In 1005, a Christian fleet coming from Pisa sacked the city and massacred all the Saracens to the great jubilation of the local population. In 1060 the Normans, under Robert Guiscard and Roger I of Sicily, captured Reggio. In 1194 Reggio and the whole of southern Italy went to the Hohenstaufen, who held it until 1266. In 1234 the town fair was established by decree of King Frederick II.<br /> <br /> The first church building was erected around 300 AD on the ruins of a Greek temple of Apollo. It was expanded and rebuilt over the centuries. Completely destroyed by the earthquake of 1908, the cathedral was rebuilt in the neo-Romanesque style. The Cathedral was consecrated in 1928.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50466126/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-11-07,doc-50466126 Sat, 07 Nov 2020 14:48:57 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+01:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50466126/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/61/26/50466126.b8026292.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="149" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">The original settlement of Matera lies in two canyons carved by the Gravina River. This area, the Sassi di Matera, is a complex of cave dwellings carved into the ancient river canyon. The settlement is divided into the districts of Sasso Barisano and Sasso Caveoso.<br /> <br /> The cave settlements in the area are an exceptional example in the Mediterranean area. Inhabited since the Neolithic Age, Matera can be considered one of the oldest cities in the world.<br /> <br /> According to Greek, Roman, Langobard and Byzantine history, which Matera shares with all of southern Italy, Saracens devastated the place in 938. It came under Norman rule in 1043, became a royal seat and thus achieved considerable wealth. This bloom continued under the subsequent regiments of the Staufer and Anjou, in 1270 the cathedral of Matera was completed.<br /> <br /> Already by the late 1800s, Matera's cave dwellings became noted for intractable poverty, poor sanitation, meager working conditions, and rampant disease. In 1948, when the city was hit by malaria, 15,000 people lived in 3,300 rooms. From the 1950s on the residents were relocated to newly built apartment blocks. Since the Sassi are now a museum town, tourism is also becoming increasingly important.<br /> <br /> Known as la città sotterranea ("the underground city"), the Sassi and the park of the Rupestrian Churches were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993. In 2019, Matera was declared a European Capital of Culture.<br /> <br /> The complex was built in 1592 for the Order of Saint Augustine ("Emeritani di Sant'Agostino") and is large and pretty for a mendicant order. The Baroque Church Santa Maria delle Grazie was added two years later. Destroyed in 1734 by an earthquake, the complex was restored and became the seat of the General Chapter of the Augustinian Order. Today it hosts the seat of the Superintendence for Architectural and Environmental Heritage.<br /> <br /> The church was built over the preexisting rock church of San Giuliano, that can be entered from the nave of Santa Maria delle Grazie.</div> Matera - Convento di Sant&#039;Agostino <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50466126/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/61/26/50466126.b8026292.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="149" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">The original settlement of Matera lies in two canyons carved by the Gravina River. This area, the Sassi di Matera, is a complex of cave dwellings carved into the ancient river canyon. The settlement is divided into the districts of Sasso Barisano and Sasso Caveoso.<br /> <br /> The cave settlements in the area are an exceptional example in the Mediterranean area. Inhabited since the Neolithic Age, Matera can be considered one of the oldest cities in the world.<br /> <br /> According to Greek, Roman, Langobard and Byzantine history, which Matera shares with all of southern Italy, Saracens devastated the place in 938. It came under Norman rule in 1043, became a royal seat and thus achieved considerable wealth. This bloom continued under the subsequent regiments of the Staufer and Anjou, in 1270 the cathedral of Matera was completed.<br /> <br /> Already by the late 1800s, Matera's cave dwellings became noted for intractable poverty, poor sanitation, meager working conditions, and rampant disease. In 1948, when the city was hit by malaria, 15,000 people lived in 3,300 rooms. From the 1950s on the residents were relocated to newly built apartment blocks. Since the Sassi are now a museum town, tourism is also becoming increasingly important.<br /> <br /> Known as la città sotterranea ("the underground city"), the Sassi and the park of the Rupestrian Churches were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993. In 2019, Matera was declared a European Capital of Culture.<br /> <br /> The complex was built in 1592 for the Order of Saint Augustine ("Emeritani di Sant'Agostino") and is large and pretty for a mendicant order. The Baroque Church Santa Maria delle Grazie was added two years later. Destroyed in 1734 by an earthquake, the complex was restored and became the seat of the General Chapter of the Augustinian Order. Today it hosts the seat of the Superintendence for Architectural and Environmental Heritage.<br /> <br /> The church was built over the preexisting rock church of San Giuliano, that can be entered from the nave of Santa Maria delle Grazie.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50458620/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-11-02,doc-50458620 Mon, 02 Nov 2020 23:16:33 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+01:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50458620/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/86/20/50458620.b87300c1.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="112" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">The original settlement of Matera lies in two canyons carved by the Gravina River. This area, the Sassi di Matera, is a complex of cave dwellings carved into the ancient river canyon. The settlement is divided into the districts of Sasso Barisano and Sasso Caveoso. <br /> <br /> The cave settlements in the area are an exceptional example in the Mediterranean area. Inhabited since the Neolithic Age, Matera can be considered one of the oldest cities in the world. <br /> <br /> According to Greek, Roman, Langobard and Byzantine history, which Matera shares with all of southern Italy, Saracens devastated the place in 938. It came under Norman rule in 1043, became a royal seat and thus achieved considerable wealth. This bloom continued under the subsequent regiments of the Staufer and Anjou, in 1270 the cathedral of Matera was completed. <br /> <br /> Already by the late 1800s, Matera's cave dwellings became noted for intractable poverty, poor sanitation, meager working conditions, and rampant disease. In 1948, when the city was hit by malaria, 15,000 people lived in 3,300 rooms. From the 1950s on the residents were relocated to newly built apartment blocks. Since the Sassi are now a museum town, tourism is also becoming increasingly important.<br /> <br /> Known as la città sotterranea ("the underground city"), the Sassi and the park of the Rupestrian Churches were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993. In 2019, Matera was declared a European Capital of Culture.</div> Matera - Sasso Caveoso <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50458620/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/86/20/50458620.b87300c1.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="112" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">The original settlement of Matera lies in two canyons carved by the Gravina River. This area, the Sassi di Matera, is a complex of cave dwellings carved into the ancient river canyon. The settlement is divided into the districts of Sasso Barisano and Sasso Caveoso. <br /> <br /> The cave settlements in the area are an exceptional example in the Mediterranean area. Inhabited since the Neolithic Age, Matera can be considered one of the oldest cities in the world. <br /> <br /> According to Greek, Roman, Langobard and Byzantine history, which Matera shares with all of southern Italy, Saracens devastated the place in 938. It came under Norman rule in 1043, became a royal seat and thus achieved considerable wealth. This bloom continued under the subsequent regiments of the Staufer and Anjou, in 1270 the cathedral of Matera was completed. <br /> <br /> Already by the late 1800s, Matera's cave dwellings became noted for intractable poverty, poor sanitation, meager working conditions, and rampant disease. In 1948, when the city was hit by malaria, 15,000 people lived in 3,300 rooms. From the 1950s on the residents were relocated to newly built apartment blocks. Since the Sassi are now a museum town, tourism is also becoming increasingly important.<br /> <br /> Known as la città sotterranea ("the underground city"), the Sassi and the park of the Rupestrian Churches were named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993. In 2019, Matera was declared a European Capital of Culture.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50451676/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-10-30,doc-50451676 Fri, 30 Oct 2020 22:42:13 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+01:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50451676/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/16/76/50451676.90aacd2c.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="192" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Taranto located on a peninsula was founded by Greek settlers and during the period of Greek colonization in Southern Italy, the city was among the most important in "Magna Graecia". During the Second Punic War, Taranto supported Hannibal in Italy and opened it´s doors to his troops in 212 BC, but when Romans recaptured Taranto three years later, they massacred the citizens and looted the town. It became a Roman colony later.<br /> After the fall of the Roman Empire, Taranto got fortified. In 547 Taranto asked a Byzantine general for support. He greatly reduced the size of the city in order to be able to defend it. So he separated the part of the isthmus from the actual city area, making an island out of the peninsula and fortified it strongly. Nevertheless, three years later, the city was conquered by the Ostrogoth troops of Totila. Later Taranto was ruled by Langobards. The city was conquered by the Saracens in 839 and an emirate existed up to 880 when it was taken by a Byzantine army, but in 927 the Saracens were back looted and destroyed the city. It was rebuilt under Byzantine power from 967 on. Normans conquered Taranto in the second half of the 11th century and founded the "Principality of Taranto" 1086, later bequeathed by Frederic II to his son Manfred.<br /> <br /> The Old Town ("Città Vecchia") still retains the same street layout of 967, when the Byzantines rebuilt it after Saracen troops had razed to the ground in 927. Still in 1746 the entire population of Taranto resided in Old Town. By 2013 the population of the Old Town was just 1000 while the wider city had more than 200000 inhabitants. Today the structural structure of the old town in this area is currently in a disastrous state. Many houses are abandoned, in danger of collapsing or already in ruins. The old town today is a drastic example of an urban state of neglect.<br /> <br /> The Taranto Cathedral is located in the centre of the old town in a place, where the Greek settlers had a temple already. The construction of the church was started in the second half of the 10th century by the Byzantines during the reconstruction of the city. End of the 11th century the Byzantine structure was remodelled and enlarged by Norman builders. The current cathedral, dedicated Saint Cataldo, an Irish monk, who became bishop here in the 7th century, was built, "reusing" large parts of the Byzantine building and so creating a Romanesque basilica on a Latin Cross. <br /> <br /> The cathedral measures 84 meters in length and 24 in width, has a central nave, two side aisles and a transept. The nave and the aisles are divided by a double series of eight columns surmounted by differently made capitals, some of which have been reused from ancient buildings no longer in use.<br /> <br /> The original ceiling was destroyed by a fire on Christmas night in 1635. The current one was completed in 1713. It is made up of forty-eight panels between which two wooden statues depicting San Cataldo and Maria Immacolata are set.</div> Taranto - Cattedrale di San Cataldo <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50451676/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/16/76/50451676.90aacd2c.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="192" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Taranto located on a peninsula was founded by Greek settlers and during the period of Greek colonization in Southern Italy, the city was among the most important in "Magna Graecia". During the Second Punic War, Taranto supported Hannibal in Italy and opened it´s doors to his troops in 212 BC, but when Romans recaptured Taranto three years later, they massacred the citizens and looted the town. It became a Roman colony later.<br /> After the fall of the Roman Empire, Taranto got fortified. In 547 Taranto asked a Byzantine general for support. He greatly reduced the size of the city in order to be able to defend it. So he separated the part of the isthmus from the actual city area, making an island out of the peninsula and fortified it strongly. Nevertheless, three years later, the city was conquered by the Ostrogoth troops of Totila. Later Taranto was ruled by Langobards. The city was conquered by the Saracens in 839 and an emirate existed up to 880 when it was taken by a Byzantine army, but in 927 the Saracens were back looted and destroyed the city. It was rebuilt under Byzantine power from 967 on. Normans conquered Taranto in the second half of the 11th century and founded the "Principality of Taranto" 1086, later bequeathed by Frederic II to his son Manfred.<br /> <br /> The Old Town ("Città Vecchia") still retains the same street layout of 967, when the Byzantines rebuilt it after Saracen troops had razed to the ground in 927. Still in 1746 the entire population of Taranto resided in Old Town. By 2013 the population of the Old Town was just 1000 while the wider city had more than 200000 inhabitants. Today the structural structure of the old town in this area is currently in a disastrous state. Many houses are abandoned, in danger of collapsing or already in ruins. The old town today is a drastic example of an urban state of neglect.<br /> <br /> The Taranto Cathedral is located in the centre of the old town in a place, where the Greek settlers had a temple already. The construction of the church was started in the second half of the 10th century by the Byzantines during the reconstruction of the city. End of the 11th century the Byzantine structure was remodelled and enlarged by Norman builders. The current cathedral, dedicated Saint Cataldo, an Irish monk, who became bishop here in the 7th century, was built, "reusing" large parts of the Byzantine building and so creating a Romanesque basilica on a Latin Cross. <br /> <br /> The cathedral measures 84 meters in length and 24 in width, has a central nave, two side aisles and a transept. The nave and the aisles are divided by a double series of eight columns surmounted by differently made capitals, some of which have been reused from ancient buildings no longer in use.<br /> <br /> The original ceiling was destroyed by a fire on Christmas night in 1635. The current one was completed in 1713. It is made up of forty-eight panels between which two wooden statues depicting San Cataldo and Maria Immacolata are set.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50381964/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-29,doc-50381964 Tue, 29 Sep 2020 21:11:45 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50381964/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/19/64/50381964.11e0e31b.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Otranto occupies the site of an ancient Greek city. It gained importance in Roman times, as it was the nearest port to the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.<br /> <br /> After the end of the Roman Empire, it was in the hands of the Byzantine emperors until it surrendered to the Norman troops of Robert Guiscard in 1068. The Normans fortified the city and built the cathedral, that got consecrated in 1088. When Henry VI., son of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, married Constanze of Sicily in 1186 Otranto came under the rule of the Hohenstaufen and later in the hands of Ferdinand I of Aragón, King of Naples.<br /> <br /> Between 1480 and 1481 the "Ottoman invasion" took place here. Troops of the Ottoman Empire invaded and laid siege to the city and its citadel. Legends tell that more than 800 inhabitants were beheaded after the city was captured. The "Martyrs of Otranto" are still celebrated in Italy, their skulls are on display in the cathedral. A year later the Ottoman garrison surrendered the city following a siege by Christian forces and the intervention of Papal forces.</div> Otranto <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50381964/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/19/64/50381964.11e0e31b.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Otranto occupies the site of an ancient Greek city. It gained importance in Roman times, as it was the nearest port to the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea.<br /> <br /> After the end of the Roman Empire, it was in the hands of the Byzantine emperors until it surrendered to the Norman troops of Robert Guiscard in 1068. The Normans fortified the city and built the cathedral, that got consecrated in 1088. When Henry VI., son of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, married Constanze of Sicily in 1186 Otranto came under the rule of the Hohenstaufen and later in the hands of Ferdinand I of Aragón, King of Naples.<br /> <br /> Between 1480 and 1481 the "Ottoman invasion" took place here. Troops of the Ottoman Empire invaded and laid siege to the city and its citadel. Legends tell that more than 800 inhabitants were beheaded after the city was captured. The "Martyrs of Otranto" are still celebrated in Italy, their skulls are on display in the cathedral. A year later the Ottoman garrison surrendered the city following a siege by Christian forces and the intervention of Papal forces.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50379856/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-28,doc-50379856 Mon, 28 Sep 2020 12:41:39 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50379856/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/98/56/50379856.531a03ec.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="218" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">A legend tells, that a city called Sybar existed at the time of the Trojan War. It was conquered by the Romans in the 3rd century BC, receiving the new name of Lupiae.<br /> <br /> After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Lecce was sacked by the Ostrogoth troops of king Totila. In 549 it was taken by Byzantium and remained part of the Eastern Roman Empire for five centuries, interrupted by brief invasions by the Saracens, Longobards, Hungarians and Slavs.<br /> <br /> After the Norman conquest in the 11th century, Lecce regained commercial and political importance, flourishing in the subsequent Hohenstaufen and Angevine rule. From the 15th century, Lecce was one of the most important cities of southern Italy, and, starting in 1630, it developed into a centre of Baroque architecture. This was made possible by the soft tuff stone found in the area, perfect for that architecture.<br /> <br /> -<br /> The cathedral is located on the southeast corner of the "Piazza del Duomo" in the centre of the city. It first built in 1144, it underwent modifications later and was rebuilt in 1659 by the architect Giuseppe Zimbalo (aka "Zingarello") by order of bishop Luigi Pappacoda, in thy Baroque style typical for Lecce. The architect did not change the general layout but added an enormous, Baroque portal. This portal is considered to be a masterpiece of Baroque art.<br /> <br /> The campanile was built between 1661 and 1682. It was built to replace the Romanesque one, which had collapsed at the beginning of the 17th century. At a height of about 70 m the bell tower offers views of the Adriatic Sea and was used as a watchtower in former times.</div> Lecce - Duomo di Lecce <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50379856/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/98/56/50379856.531a03ec.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="218" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">A legend tells, that a city called Sybar existed at the time of the Trojan War. It was conquered by the Romans in the 3rd century BC, receiving the new name of Lupiae.<br /> <br /> After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Lecce was sacked by the Ostrogoth troops of king Totila. In 549 it was taken by Byzantium and remained part of the Eastern Roman Empire for five centuries, interrupted by brief invasions by the Saracens, Longobards, Hungarians and Slavs.<br /> <br /> After the Norman conquest in the 11th century, Lecce regained commercial and political importance, flourishing in the subsequent Hohenstaufen and Angevine rule. From the 15th century, Lecce was one of the most important cities of southern Italy, and, starting in 1630, it developed into a centre of Baroque architecture. This was made possible by the soft tuff stone found in the area, perfect for that architecture.<br /> <br /> -<br /> The cathedral is located on the southeast corner of the "Piazza del Duomo" in the centre of the city. It first built in 1144, it underwent modifications later and was rebuilt in 1659 by the architect Giuseppe Zimbalo (aka "Zingarello") by order of bishop Luigi Pappacoda, in thy Baroque style typical for Lecce. The architect did not change the general layout but added an enormous, Baroque portal. This portal is considered to be a masterpiece of Baroque art.<br /> <br /> The campanile was built between 1661 and 1682. It was built to replace the Romanesque one, which had collapsed at the beginning of the 17th century. At a height of about 70 m the bell tower offers views of the Adriatic Sea and was used as a watchtower in former times.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50375778/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-26,doc-50375778 Sat, 26 Sep 2020 09:03:21 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50375778/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/57/78/50375778.84227715.240.jpg?r2" width="153" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">A legend tells, that a city called Sybar existed at the time of the Trojan War. It was conquered by the Romans in the 3rd century BC, receiving the new name of Lupiae.<br /> <br /> After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Lecce was sacked by the Ostrogoth troops of king Totila. In 549 it was taken by Byzantium and remained part of the Eastern Roman Empire for five centuries, interrupted by brief invasions by the Saracens, Longobards, Hungarians and Slavs.<br /> <br /> After the Norman conquest in the 11th century, Lecce regained commercial and political importance, flourishing in the subsequent Hohenstaufen and Angevine rule. From the 15th century, Lecce was one of the most important cities of southern Italy, and, starting in 1630, it developed into a centre of Baroque architecture. This was made possible by the soft tuff stone found in the area, perfect for that architecture.<br /> <br /> -<br /> Form the end of the 15th century, pushed by Ottoman persecution, a strong migration of Albanians to Southern Italy took place. The Albanians in Italy had built new communities and had created a community, with its own Byzantine rite, in Lecce. Over centuries their church was used by the Greek and Albanian merchants residing in Lecce, <br /> <br /> In 1765 San Niccolò dei Greci was built in a late Baroque style. It incorporates the remains of a Romanesque church.</div> Lecce - San Niccolò dei Greci <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50375778/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/57/78/50375778.84227715.240.jpg?r2" width="153" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">A legend tells, that a city called Sybar existed at the time of the Trojan War. It was conquered by the Romans in the 3rd century BC, receiving the new name of Lupiae.<br /> <br /> After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Lecce was sacked by the Ostrogoth troops of king Totila. In 549 it was taken by Byzantium and remained part of the Eastern Roman Empire for five centuries, interrupted by brief invasions by the Saracens, Longobards, Hungarians and Slavs.<br /> <br /> After the Norman conquest in the 11th century, Lecce regained commercial and political importance, flourishing in the subsequent Hohenstaufen and Angevine rule. From the 15th century, Lecce was one of the most important cities of southern Italy, and, starting in 1630, it developed into a centre of Baroque architecture. This was made possible by the soft tuff stone found in the area, perfect for that architecture.<br /> <br /> -<br /> Form the end of the 15th century, pushed by Ottoman persecution, a strong migration of Albanians to Southern Italy took place. The Albanians in Italy had built new communities and had created a community, with its own Byzantine rite, in Lecce. Over centuries their church was used by the Greek and Albanian merchants residing in Lecce, <br /> <br /> In 1765 San Niccolò dei Greci was built in a late Baroque style. It incorporates the remains of a Romanesque church.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50374530/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-25,doc-50374530 Fri, 25 Sep 2020 14:25:14 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50374530/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/45/30/50374530.47d8f554.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="181" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Settlers, who did trade with Greece, lived here already during the Bronze Age. After the Punic Wars it became a major center of Roman naval power and maritime trade. After the decline of the Roman Empire Brindisi was conquered by Ostrogoths, and reconquered by the Byzantine Empire in the 6th century. In 674 it was destroyed by the Lombards led by Romuald I of Benevento, It was rebuilt and within the 9th century. It was under Saracen rule from 836 to 868, when it was retaken by the Byantines. In 1070, it was conquered by the Normans, led by Robert Guiskard.<br /> <br /> Brindisi flourished under the Staufer and developed into a privileged port for the Holy Land during the period of Crusades. It was an Episcopal See and a new cathedral was constructed, in which the wedding of Norman Prince Roger III of Sicily and Irene Angelina, daughter of the Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelos took place. Emperor Frederick II and Isabella of Brienne embarked from the port of Brindisi in 1228 for the Sixth Crusade.<br /> <br /> -<br /> Brindisi has this fine natural harbour, an inlet that runs deep into the Adriatic coast. The harbour was already used by the first settlers. It was very important for the Roman Empire and in the times of crusades one of the main ports in Southern Italy.<br /> <br /> Seen in the distance is the "Castello alfonsino", securing the entrance of the "inner harbour". Already in the 11th century, a Benedictine abbey existed on the island that was later abandoned. So in the 14th and 16th century the "Forte a Mare" was erected.</div> Brindisi - Castello alfonsino <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50374530/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/45/30/50374530.47d8f554.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="181" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Settlers, who did trade with Greece, lived here already during the Bronze Age. After the Punic Wars it became a major center of Roman naval power and maritime trade. After the decline of the Roman Empire Brindisi was conquered by Ostrogoths, and reconquered by the Byzantine Empire in the 6th century. In 674 it was destroyed by the Lombards led by Romuald I of Benevento, It was rebuilt and within the 9th century. It was under Saracen rule from 836 to 868, when it was retaken by the Byantines. In 1070, it was conquered by the Normans, led by Robert Guiskard.<br /> <br /> Brindisi flourished under the Staufer and developed into a privileged port for the Holy Land during the period of Crusades. It was an Episcopal See and a new cathedral was constructed, in which the wedding of Norman Prince Roger III of Sicily and Irene Angelina, daughter of the Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelos took place. Emperor Frederick II and Isabella of Brienne embarked from the port of Brindisi in 1228 for the Sixth Crusade.<br /> <br /> -<br /> Brindisi has this fine natural harbour, an inlet that runs deep into the Adriatic coast. The harbour was already used by the first settlers. It was very important for the Roman Empire and in the times of crusades one of the main ports in Southern Italy.<br /> <br /> Seen in the distance is the "Castello alfonsino", securing the entrance of the "inner harbour". Already in the 11th century, a Benedictine abbey existed on the island that was later abandoned. So in the 14th and 16th century the "Forte a Mare" was erected.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50361168/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-19,doc-50361168 Sat, 19 Sep 2020 20:56:22 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50361168/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/68/50361168.915151ba.240.jpg?r2" width="173" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Monopoli, located about 50kms south of Bari, was founded by Greek settlers. During the Roman Empire, it was connected to the Via Traiana. When the neighbouring Gnathia (Egnatia) was destroyed by the troops of the Ostrogoth king Totila in 545, its inhabitants fled to Monopoli, which from then on lived up to its meaning as the “only city” (literal translation of the city's name).<br /> <br /> In the following centuries, the area was ruled by Normans, Byzantines, Staufers, Venetians, Spaniards, Habsburgs and Bourbons. In 1860 Monopoli, like the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> Archaeological excavations started in 1986 revealed here an area of ​​ ancient and complex temporal stratifications that, starting from about 4500 BC, reach up to the present day.<br /> <br /> The Romanesque cathedral of Monopoli was built by demolishing a previous church of the early Christian age, built around 250 AD on the ruins of a Roman temple. The erection started with the support of Norman duke Robert de Hauteville in the 12th century but the works were soon interrupted due to the lack of material for the construction of the roof. According to tradition, in December 1117 a raft landed in the port of the city carrying the icon of the Madonna della Madia. The raft beams were used to erect the roof, but it took up to 1442 to complete the church. It had three belltowers of which two got damaged during a siege in 1528. The remaining tower collapsed in 1686, killing forty people.<br /> <br /> In the early 18th century, the meanwhile dilapidated Romanesque basilica got demolished to replace it by a large, spacious one in Baroque style. Work began in 1742 and was completed in 1772.</div> Monopoli - Concattedrale della Madonna della Madia <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50361168/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/68/50361168.915151ba.240.jpg?r2" width="173" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Monopoli, located about 50kms south of Bari, was founded by Greek settlers. During the Roman Empire, it was connected to the Via Traiana. When the neighbouring Gnathia (Egnatia) was destroyed by the troops of the Ostrogoth king Totila in 545, its inhabitants fled to Monopoli, which from then on lived up to its meaning as the “only city” (literal translation of the city's name).<br /> <br /> In the following centuries, the area was ruled by Normans, Byzantines, Staufers, Venetians, Spaniards, Habsburgs and Bourbons. In 1860 Monopoli, like the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> Archaeological excavations started in 1986 revealed here an area of ​​ ancient and complex temporal stratifications that, starting from about 4500 BC, reach up to the present day.<br /> <br /> The Romanesque cathedral of Monopoli was built by demolishing a previous church of the early Christian age, built around 250 AD on the ruins of a Roman temple. The erection started with the support of Norman duke Robert de Hauteville in the 12th century but the works were soon interrupted due to the lack of material for the construction of the roof. According to tradition, in December 1117 a raft landed in the port of the city carrying the icon of the Madonna della Madia. The raft beams were used to erect the roof, but it took up to 1442 to complete the church. It had three belltowers of which two got damaged during a siege in 1528. The remaining tower collapsed in 1686, killing forty people.<br /> <br /> In the early 18th century, the meanwhile dilapidated Romanesque basilica got demolished to replace it by a large, spacious one in Baroque style. Work began in 1742 and was completed in 1772.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50331438/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-04,doc-50331438 Fri, 04 Sep 2020 19:36:35 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50331438/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/14/38/50331438.5df32d9c.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="194" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> The construction of the "Cattedrale di San Sabino" (aka "Bari Cathedral" started around 1170 on. The cathedral is the seat of the Archbishop of Bari-Bitonto. It is dedicated to Saint Sabinus, a bishop of Canosa, whose relics were brought here in the 9th century.<br /> It was erected on the site of the ruins of the Imperial Byzantine cathedral, destroyed in 1156 by William I of Sicily with the rest of the city.<br /> <br /> For the reconstruction of the cathedral materials from the preceding church and other destroyed buildings got reused. During the 18th century the façade, the nave and aisles and the crypt were refurbished in Baroque style. The building later underwent a series of refurbishments, demolitions and extensions. The original Romanesque appearance of the interior was restored in the 1950s.<br /> <br /> The nave is 34 metres long. See at the end is the ciborium.</div> Bari - Cattedrale di San Sabino <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50331438/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/14/38/50331438.5df32d9c.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="194" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> The construction of the "Cattedrale di San Sabino" (aka "Bari Cathedral" started around 1170 on. The cathedral is the seat of the Archbishop of Bari-Bitonto. It is dedicated to Saint Sabinus, a bishop of Canosa, whose relics were brought here in the 9th century.<br /> It was erected on the site of the ruins of the Imperial Byzantine cathedral, destroyed in 1156 by William I of Sicily with the rest of the city.<br /> <br /> For the reconstruction of the cathedral materials from the preceding church and other destroyed buildings got reused. During the 18th century the façade, the nave and aisles and the crypt were refurbished in Baroque style. The building later underwent a series of refurbishments, demolitions and extensions. The original Romanesque appearance of the interior was restored in the 1950s.<br /> <br /> The nave is 34 metres long. See at the end is the ciborium.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50327894/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-03,doc-50327894 Thu, 03 Sep 2020 17:13:46 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50327894/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/78/94/50327894.04978534.240.jpg?r2" width="180" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> The construction of the "Cattedrale di San Sabino" (aka "Bari Cathedral" started around 1170 on. The cathedral is the seat of the Archbishop of Bari-Bitonto. It is dedicated to Saint Sabinus, a bishop of Canosa, whose relics were brought here in the 9th century.<br /> It was erected on the site of the ruins of the Imperial Byzantine cathedral, destroyed in 1156 by William I of Sicily with the rest of the city.<br /> <br /> For the reconstruction of the cathedral materials from the preceding church and other destroyed buildings got reused. During the 18th century the façade, the nave and aisles and the crypt were refurbished in Baroque style. The building later underwent a series of refurbishments, demolitions and extensions. <br /> <br /> The apse window is a masterpiece of the Apulian Romanesque style of the late 12th century.<br /> <br /> Below the window sill is a relief depicting two peacocks within tendrils. To the left end right, supporting the columns are two elephants. They are rather small. Pina Belli D'Elia ("Puglia Romanica") compares them to chess pieces. On top of the columns are two monsters (a male and a female) with human faces, wings, claws and snake tails. They support the outer archivolt. On top of this is another monster that may be a beheaded sphinx holding its head, mouth wide open. The smaller inner archivolts are masterly carved and are populated with lots of animals and mythical creatures floating in vines, like this monkey, riding a goat.</div> Bari - Cattedrale di San Sabino <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50327894/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/78/94/50327894.04978534.240.jpg?r2" width="180" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> The construction of the "Cattedrale di San Sabino" (aka "Bari Cathedral" started around 1170 on. The cathedral is the seat of the Archbishop of Bari-Bitonto. It is dedicated to Saint Sabinus, a bishop of Canosa, whose relics were brought here in the 9th century.<br /> It was erected on the site of the ruins of the Imperial Byzantine cathedral, destroyed in 1156 by William I of Sicily with the rest of the city.<br /> <br /> For the reconstruction of the cathedral materials from the preceding church and other destroyed buildings got reused. During the 18th century the façade, the nave and aisles and the crypt were refurbished in Baroque style. The building later underwent a series of refurbishments, demolitions and extensions. <br /> <br /> The apse window is a masterpiece of the Apulian Romanesque style of the late 12th century.<br /> <br /> Below the window sill is a relief depicting two peacocks within tendrils. To the left end right, supporting the columns are two elephants. They are rather small. Pina Belli D'Elia ("Puglia Romanica") compares them to chess pieces. On top of the columns are two monsters (a male and a female) with human faces, wings, claws and snake tails. They support the outer archivolt. On top of this is another monster that may be a beheaded sphinx holding its head, mouth wide open. The smaller inner archivolts are masterly carved and are populated with lots of animals and mythical creatures floating in vines, like this monkey, riding a goat.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50325538/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-02,doc-50325538 Wed, 02 Sep 2020 10:03:26 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50325538/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/55/38/50325538.af83cac7.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="213" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> The construction of the "Cattedrale di San Sabino" (aka "Bari Cathedral" started around 1170 on. The cathedral is the seat of the Archbishop of Bari-Bitonto. It is dedicated to Saint Sabinus, a bishop of Canosa, whose relics were brought here in the 9th century.<br /> It was erected on the site of the ruins of the Imperial Byzantine cathedral, destroyed in 1156 by William I of Sicily with the rest of the city.<br /> <br /> For the reconstruction of the cathedral materials from the preceding church and other destroyed buildings got reused. During the 18th century the façade, the nave and aisles and the crypt were refurbished in Baroque style. The building later underwent a series of refurbishments, demolitions and extensions. The original Romanesque appearance of the interior was restored in the 1950s.<br /> <br /> The three baroque portals of the façade are the only remaining parts of the conversion from the 18th century but they do contain the old portals of the cathedral from the 11th century. Around the rose window, fantastic, mythic monsters and beasts look down to the tourists.</div> Bari - Cattedrale di San Sabino <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50325538/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/55/38/50325538.af83cac7.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="213" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> <br /> The construction of the "Cattedrale di San Sabino" (aka "Bari Cathedral" started around 1170 on. The cathedral is the seat of the Archbishop of Bari-Bitonto. It is dedicated to Saint Sabinus, a bishop of Canosa, whose relics were brought here in the 9th century.<br /> It was erected on the site of the ruins of the Imperial Byzantine cathedral, destroyed in 1156 by William I of Sicily with the rest of the city.<br /> <br /> For the reconstruction of the cathedral materials from the preceding church and other destroyed buildings got reused. During the 18th century the façade, the nave and aisles and the crypt were refurbished in Baroque style. The building later underwent a series of refurbishments, demolitions and extensions. The original Romanesque appearance of the interior was restored in the 1950s.<br /> <br /> The three baroque portals of the façade are the only remaining parts of the conversion from the 18th century but they do contain the old portals of the cathedral from the 11th century. Around the rose window, fantastic, mythic monsters and beasts look down to the tourists.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50324716/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-01,doc-50324716 Tue, 01 Sep 2020 19:11:47 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50324716/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/47/16/50324716.31ecdd8f.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="179" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> <br /> -<br /> Household goods? All you will ever need, you'll find here. Sure!</div> Bari - La Bottega del Detersivo <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50324716/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/47/16/50324716.31ecdd8f.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="179" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> <br /> -<br /> Household goods? All you will ever need, you'll find here. Sure!</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50323882/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-01,doc-50323882 Tue, 01 Sep 2020 08:35:44 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50323882/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/38/82/50323882.760bb9e1.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="183" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Emperor Frederick II., who rebuilt and reinforced the castle. According to the tradition, in 1221 Emperor Frederick II met St. Francis of Assisi in this castle.<br /> <br /> During the Angevin domination, it went through several transformations, and after being acquired by Duke Ferdinand of Aragon, was donated to the Sforza family and passed to Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland. After Bona's death, it was returned under the King of Naples and transformed into a prison and barracks.</div> Bari - Castello Normanno-Svevo <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50323882/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/38/82/50323882.760bb9e1.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="183" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had its heydays under Emperor Frederick II., who rebuilt and reinforced the castle. According to the tradition, in 1221 Emperor Frederick II met St. Francis of Assisi in this castle.<br /> <br /> During the Angevin domination, it went through several transformations, and after being acquired by Duke Ferdinand of Aragon, was donated to the Sforza family and passed to Bona Sforza, Queen of Poland. After Bona's death, it was returned under the King of Naples and transformed into a prison and barracks.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50324458/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-09-01,doc-50324458 Tue, 01 Sep 2020 16:11:28 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50324458/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/44/58/50324458.f601efaf.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="181" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> <br /> In 1865 the Marnarid Dolciumi opened as a small manufacturer of handmade confectionery. The little factory was converted in a store selling chocolates and liquers and was passed down from generation to generation. It was sold to Domenico Sifanno, who had worked here as an employee from the age of seven. He passed away, 90 years old, in 2018, so by now the Sifanno-family continues the business.<br /> <br /> <br /> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/category/Grocery-Store/Marnarid-dei-Fratelli-Sifanno-srl-457978034377631/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.facebook.com/pages/category/Grocery-Store/Marnarid-de...</a></div> Bari - Marnarid Dolciumi <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50324458/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/44/58/50324458.f601efaf.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="181" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> The Castello Normanno-Svevo (aka "Castello di Bari") was probably built around 1132 by Norman King Roger II. When in 1155 the Baresi rebelled against the Normans, the castle got destroyed, so as a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> <br /> In 1865 the Marnarid Dolciumi opened as a small manufacturer of handmade confectionery. The little factory was converted in a store selling chocolates and liquers and was passed down from generation to generation. It was sold to Domenico Sifanno, who had worked here as an employee from the age of seven. He passed away, 90 years old, in 2018, so by now the Sifanno-family continues the business.<br /> <br /> <br /> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/category/Grocery-Store/Marnarid-dei-Fratelli-Sifanno-srl-457978034377631/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.facebook.com/pages/category/Grocery-Store/Marnarid-de...</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50321526/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-08-31,doc-50321526 Mon, 31 Aug 2020 15:47:05 +0000 2019-10-01T00:00:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50321526/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/15/26/50321526.1d5f058b.240.jpg?r2" width="187" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> In 1155 the city's inhabitants rebelled again against the Normans and negotiated with the Byzantines. As a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola in the following year.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> In the early decades of the 20th century, Italy developed an architectonic style called "futurist" and/or "rationalist". During the Mussolini era, this developed into a bombastic, often overloaded style, that is connected to the Italian fascism - and so it is called "fascist". The "Palazzo delle Finance" erected in Bari 1931 - 1934 is an example of that style.</div> Bari - Palazzo delle Finance <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50321526/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/15/26/50321526.1d5f058b.240.jpg?r2" width="187" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347.<br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor.<br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> In 1155 the city's inhabitants rebelled again against the Normans and negotiated with the Byzantines. As a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola in the following year.<br /> <br /> Bari recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region.<br /> <br /> -<br /> In the early decades of the 20th century, Italy developed an architectonic style called "futurist" and/or "rationalist". During the Mussolini era, this developed into a bombastic, often overloaded style, that is connected to the Italian fascism - and so it is called "fascist". The "Palazzo delle Finance" erected in Bari 1931 - 1934 is an example of that style.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50313400/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-08-28,doc-50313400 Fri, 28 Aug 2020 16:28:05 +0000 2019-10-01T14:41:01+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50313400/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/34/00/50313400.7e299a72.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="203" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347. <br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor. <br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> In 1155 the city's inhabitants rebelled again against the Normans and negotiated with the Byzantines. As a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola in the following year. <br /> <br /> Baro recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region. <br /> <br /> Napoleon´s brother in law Joachim Murat, then King of Naples, ordered the building in 1808 of a new section of the city, laid out on a rationalist grid plan, which bears his name today as the Murattiano<br /> <br /> To find in this "modern" part of Bari is the Teatro Petruzzelli. It was commisoned by the art loving Petruzzelli brothers and opened in 1903. With about 1500 seats, one of the largest in Italy.<br /> <br /> In October 1991 the theatre was completely destroyed by fire, the result of arson. The Teatro Petruzzelli was reconstructed entirely in 2008. On the 6th of December 2009 ("St. Nicolas Day") the first opera season in the re-built theatre began.</div> Bari - Teatro Petruzzelli <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50313400/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/34/00/50313400.7e299a72.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="203" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Bari was an early settlement and passed under Roman rule in the 3rd century BC. It developed strategic significance as the point of junction between the coast road and the Via Traiana and as a port for eastward trade. The first bishop of Bari was Gervasius who is known from the Council of Sardica in 347. <br /> <br /> After the decline of the Roman Empire, the town was devasted and taken by Alaric´s Visigothic troops, then was under Lombardian rule, before the Byzantines took over. In 755 it was conquered by Pepin the Short (Charlemagne´s father) and from 847 on it was an Islamic Emirate. The Byzantine fleet returned in 871 and since 885 Bari ws the residence of the local Byzantine governor. <br /> <br /> Following a three-year siege, Bari was captured by Robert Guiscard in 1071. After the relics of Saint Nicholas, which were surreptitiously brought from Myra in Lycia (Byzantine territory), arrived in Bari, the Basilica di San Nicola was founded in 1087. This attracted pilgrims, whose encouragement and care became central to the economy of Bari. Pope Urban II consecrated the Basilica in 1089. In 1096 a crusader army embarked in the port of Bari for the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> After the murder of archbishop Griso in 1117 a civil war broke our and the control was seized by Grimoald Alferanites, a native Lombard, in opposition to the Normans. He later did homage to Roger II of Sicily, but rebelled and was defeated in 1132.<br /> <br /> In 1155 the city's inhabitants rebelled again against the Normans and negotiated with the Byzantines. As a retaliatory action, William I of Sicily (aka William the Wicked") had the city destroyed except for the cathedral and the Basilica of St. Nicola in the following year. <br /> <br /> Baro recovered and had it´s heydays under Frederick II. When he returned from his crusade after 1229, the city gates were locked so he had to use force to gain entry. Therefore, he probably had the fort built in 1233 to keep the city in check. On the other hand, he granted the city generous trade privileges and left it the leading role in the region. <br /> <br /> Napoleon´s brother in law Joachim Murat, then King of Naples, ordered the building in 1808 of a new section of the city, laid out on a rationalist grid plan, which bears his name today as the Murattiano<br /> <br /> To find in this "modern" part of Bari is the Teatro Petruzzelli. It was commisoned by the art loving Petruzzelli brothers and opened in 1903. With about 1500 seats, one of the largest in Italy.<br /> <br /> In October 1991 the theatre was completely destroyed by fire, the result of arson. The Teatro Petruzzelli was reconstructed entirely in 2008. On the 6th of December 2009 ("St. Nicolas Day") the first opera season in the re-built theatre began.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50296744/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-08-23,doc-50296744 Sun, 23 Aug 2020 17:18:42 +0000 2019-10-01T17:45:46+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50296744/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/67/44/50296744.a3b34796.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="177" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Legends tell, that the Homeric hero Diomedes founded "Canusion", the town existed already in early Etrscian times and later became a Greek polis. In Roman times it was a colony and had a large amphitheatre. End of the 3rd century it was the capital of Apulia and Calabria.<br /> <br /> Bishops are known here already in the 4th century, when one of them took part in a Council. The area suffered from Muslim invasions and got completely destroyed in 844. Rebuilding took place a century later, It was under Lombardian rule until the Norman conquest and the establishement of the Kingdom of Sicily.<br /> <br /> The Cathedral of San Sabino was founded in the 8th century by the Lombards. When it was comleted in 1101 it was named after St. Sabinus of Canosa in 1101. It was an example of Romanesque/Byzantine style.<br /> <br /> The "Mausoleum of Bohemond" was built after 1111 against the right wall of the cathedral´s transept. It hold the remains of Bohemond I of Antioch, son of Robert Guiscard and Prince of Taranto and Antioch. He was on of the leaders of the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> The rectangular mausoleum has an upper part characterized by a polygonal drum and a hemispherical dome. Originally the dome was hidden by a pyramidal cover. Scholars concur, that the construction of the mausoleum reveals the influence of Islamic models, in particular Antiochian shrines.<br /> <br /> The mausoleum is known for its finely crafted bronze door. The leaves of the door are distinct is size, style and technique of execution. The left leaf, cast in a single piece, is decorated by three discs. The right leaf is composed of four panels joint together by slots. There are as well discs. Here is the lowest disc of the right leave. In the center a star and all around are Islamic motifs. I could find some horses (?), birds and maybe kufic scripts.</div> Canosa di Puglia - Mausoloei di Boemondi <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50296744/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/67/44/50296744.a3b34796.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="177" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Legends tell, that the Homeric hero Diomedes founded "Canusion", the town existed already in early Etrscian times and later became a Greek polis. In Roman times it was a colony and had a large amphitheatre. End of the 3rd century it was the capital of Apulia and Calabria.<br /> <br /> Bishops are known here already in the 4th century, when one of them took part in a Council. The area suffered from Muslim invasions and got completely destroyed in 844. Rebuilding took place a century later, It was under Lombardian rule until the Norman conquest and the establishement of the Kingdom of Sicily.<br /> <br /> The Cathedral of San Sabino was founded in the 8th century by the Lombards. When it was comleted in 1101 it was named after St. Sabinus of Canosa in 1101. It was an example of Romanesque/Byzantine style.<br /> <br /> The "Mausoleum of Bohemond" was built after 1111 against the right wall of the cathedral´s transept. It hold the remains of Bohemond I of Antioch, son of Robert Guiscard and Prince of Taranto and Antioch. He was on of the leaders of the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> The rectangular mausoleum has an upper part characterized by a polygonal drum and a hemispherical dome. Originally the dome was hidden by a pyramidal cover. Scholars concur, that the construction of the mausoleum reveals the influence of Islamic models, in particular Antiochian shrines.<br /> <br /> The mausoleum is known for its finely crafted bronze door. The leaves of the door are distinct is size, style and technique of execution. The left leaf, cast in a single piece, is decorated by three discs. The right leaf is composed of four panels joint together by slots. There are as well discs. Here is the lowest disc of the right leave. In the center a star and all around are Islamic motifs. I could find some horses (?), birds and maybe kufic scripts.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50292924/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-08-22,doc-50292924 Sat, 22 Aug 2020 12:08:10 +0000 2019-10-01T15:49:34+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50292924/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/29/24/50292924.20c9cf47.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="215" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Legends tell, that the Homeric hero Diomedes founded "Canusion", the town existed already in early Etrscian times and later became a Greek polis. In Roman times it was a colony and had a large amphitheatre. End of the 3rd century it was the capital of Apulia and Calabria.<br /> <br /> Bishops are known here already in the 4th century, when one of them took part in a Council. The area suffered from Muslim invasions and got completely destroyed in 844. Rebuilding took place a century later, It was under Lombardian rule until the Norman conquest and the establishement of the Kingdom of Sicily. <br /> <br /> The Cathedral of San Sabino was founded in the 8th century by the Lombards. When it was comleted in 1101 it was named after St. Sabinus of Canosa in 1101. It was an example of Romanesque/Byzantine style.<br /> <br /> The "Mausoleum of Bohemond" was built after 1111 against the right wall of the cathedral´s transept. It hold the remains of Bohemond I of Antioch, son of Robert Guiscard and Prince of Taranto and Antioch. He was on of the leaders of the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> The rectangular mausoleum has an upper part characterized by a polygonal drum and a hemispherical dome. Originally the dome was hidden by a pyramidal cover. Scholars concur, that the construction of the mausoleum reveals the influence of Islamic models, in particular Antiochian shrines.</div> Canosa di Puglia - Mausoloei di Boemondi <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50292924/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/29/24/50292924.20c9cf47.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="215" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Legends tell, that the Homeric hero Diomedes founded "Canusion", the town existed already in early Etrscian times and later became a Greek polis. In Roman times it was a colony and had a large amphitheatre. End of the 3rd century it was the capital of Apulia and Calabria.<br /> <br /> Bishops are known here already in the 4th century, when one of them took part in a Council. The area suffered from Muslim invasions and got completely destroyed in 844. Rebuilding took place a century later, It was under Lombardian rule until the Norman conquest and the establishement of the Kingdom of Sicily. <br /> <br /> The Cathedral of San Sabino was founded in the 8th century by the Lombards. When it was comleted in 1101 it was named after St. Sabinus of Canosa in 1101. It was an example of Romanesque/Byzantine style.<br /> <br /> The "Mausoleum of Bohemond" was built after 1111 against the right wall of the cathedral´s transept. It hold the remains of Bohemond I of Antioch, son of Robert Guiscard and Prince of Taranto and Antioch. He was on of the leaders of the First Crusade.<br /> <br /> The rectangular mausoleum has an upper part characterized by a polygonal drum and a hemispherical dome. Originally the dome was hidden by a pyramidal cover. Scholars concur, that the construction of the mausoleum reveals the influence of Islamic models, in particular Antiochian shrines.</div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50290502/in/album/934410 tag:ipernity.com,2020-08-21,doc-50290502 Fri, 21 Aug 2020 12:34:32 +0000 2019-10-01T17:28:46+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50290502/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/05/02/50290502.7dcdd58f.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Legends tell, that the Homeric hero Diomedes founded "Canusion", the town existed already in early Etrscian times and later became a Greek polis. In Roman times it was a colony and had a large amphitheatre. End of the 3rd century it was the capital of Apulia and Calabria.<br /> <br /> Bishops are known here already in the 4th century, when one of them took part in a Council. The area suffered from Muslim invasions and got completely destroyed in 844. Rebuilding took place a century later, It was under Lombardian rule until the Norman conquest and the establishement of the Kingdom of Sicily. Under Bohemund I of Antioch (+ 1111), son of Robert Guiscard, it regained some of its earlier importance.<br /> <br /> The Cathedral of San Sabino was founded in the 8th century by the Lombards. When it was comleted in 1101 it was named after St. Sabinus of Canosa in 1101. It was an example of Romanesque/Byzantine style. After the earthquake of 1851, the cathedral was severely damaged and the restoration work led to the reconstruction of the facade.<br /> <br /> Placed in the centre of the apsis is the Bishop´s thone ("cathedra"), another medieval masterwork. It was created by Master Romualdus for Bishop Ursus, the last Archbishop of Canosa, who was murdered in 1089.<br /> Romualdus´ style is strongly influenced by Byzantine works.<br /> <br /> Th cathedra is to large to be "comfortable" and the front plate with the eagles was probably added later. When Bishop Ursus comissioned it, the diocese of Bari was slowly "overtaking" the older one in Canosa. So later this the large cathedra became a kind of episcopal power symbol, as the bishop did not reside here any more, but in Bari.</div> Canosa di Puglia - Basilica di San Sabino <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/50290502/in/album/934410"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/05/02/50290502.7dcdd58f.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">Legends tell, that the Homeric hero Diomedes founded "Canusion", the town existed already in early Etrscian times and later became a Greek polis. In Roman times it was a colony and had a large amphitheatre. End of the 3rd century it was the capital of Apulia and Calabria.<br /> <br /> Bishops are known here already in the 4th century, when one of them took part in a Council. The area suffered from Muslim invasions and got completely destroyed in 844. Rebuilding took place a century later, It was under Lombardian rule until the Norman conquest and the establishement of the Kingdom of Sicily. Under Bohemund I of Antioch (+ 1111), son of Robert Guiscard, it regained some of its earlier importance.<br /> <br /> The Cathedral of San Sabino was founded in the 8th century by the Lombards. When it was comleted in 1101 it was named after St. Sabinus of Canosa in 1101. It was an example of Romanesque/Byzantine style. After the earthquake of 1851, the cathedral was severely damaged and the restoration work led to the reconstruction of the facade.<br /> <br /> Placed in the centre of the apsis is the Bishop´s thone ("cathedra"), another medieval masterwork. It was created by Master Romualdus for Bishop Ursus, the last Archbishop of Canosa, who was murdered in 1089.<br /> Romualdus´ style is strongly influenced by Byzantine works.<br /> <br /> Th cathedra is to large to be "comfortable" and the front plate with the eagles was probably added later. When Bishop Ursus comissioned it, the diocese of Bari was slowly "overtaking" the older one in Canosa. So later this the large cathedra became a kind of episcopal power symbol, as the bishop did not reside here any more, but in Bari.</div> Martin M. Miles