Photos, videos and docs of Martin M. Miles, with the keywords: "Baroque"

Guadix - Compas del Cardenal Don Gaspar de Avalos

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 07 Jul 2024 17:52:51 +0000

About 6 km northwest of Guadix, are the ruins of Acci, mentioned in Pliny's Natural History. It is not known for certain whether it is of Phoenician or of early Spanish origin, but the existence of an oppidum with a well-defined urban plan from the 6th century BC has been documented. Julius Caesar established a colony called Julia Gemella. According to tradition, it was the seat of the first bishopric in Hispania, in the 2nd century. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire the population may have in large part moved to rural areas.

After 711 it rose to some importance as a Moorish fortress and trading station, renamed Wadi 'Ashi. The city was the site of the Battle of Guadix in 1362 in which a small Castilian army was routed by the forces of Muhammed VI, Sultan of Granada.

In 1489 the city surrendered without a siege to the kingdom of Ferdinand and Isabella.

Gaspar de Ávalos de la Cueva (1485 - 1545) was a Spanish archbishop and cardinal. He moved to Granada at the age of eleven, where he was educated by his uncle Hernando de Talavera, the archbishop of the archdiocese at the time. Gaspar Dávalos studied at the universities of Paris and Salamanca and became senior canon of the cathedrals of Murcia and Cartagena .

Presented by King Charles I, he was appointed Bishop of Guadix y Baza in 1524. In 1528 he was elevated to Archbishop of Granada and in 1542 he was appointed Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela.

Guadix - Catedral de la Encarnación

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 07 Jul 2024 12:38:14 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

About 6 km northwest of Guadix, are the ruins of Acci, mentioned in Pliny's Natural History. It is not known for certain whether it is of Phoenician or of early Spanish origin, but the existence of an oppidum with a well-defined urban plan from the 6th century BC has been documented. Julius Caesar established a colony called Julia Gemella. According to tradition, it was the seat of the first bishopric in Hispania, in the 2nd century. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire the population may have in large part moved to rural areas.

After 711 it rose to some importance as a Moorish fortress and trading station, renamed Wadi 'Ashi. The city was the site of the Battle of Guadix in 1362 in which a small Castilian army was routed by the forces of Muhammed VI, Sultan of Granada.

In 1489 the city surrendered without a siege to the kingdom of Ferdinand and Isabella.

The construction of the Catedral de la Encarnación began in 1510 on the site of the mosque and was not completed until 1796. The long construction period resulted in a mix of styles from Gothic to Renaissance and Baroque.

Guadix - Catedral de la Encarnación

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 07 Jul 2024 11:53:38 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

About 6 km northwest of Guadix, are the ruins of Acci, mentioned in Pliny's Natural History. It is not known for certain whether it is of Phoenician or of early Spanish origin, but the existence of an oppidum with a well-defined urban plan from the 6th century BC has been documented. Julius Caesar established a colony called Julia Gemella. According to tradition, it was the seat of the first bishopric in Hispania, in the 2nd century. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire the population may have in large part moved to rural areas.

After 711 it rose to some importance as a Moorish fortress and trading station, renamed Wadi 'Ashi. The city was the site of the Battle of Guadix in 1362 in which a small Castilian army was routed by the forces of Muhammed VI, Sultan of Granada.

In 1489 the city surrendered without a siege to the kingdom of Ferdinand and Isabella.

The construction of the Catedral de la Encarnación began in 1510 on the site of the mosque and was not completed until 1796. The long construction period resulted in a mix of styles from Gothic to Renaissance and Baroque.

Valencia - Catedral de Santa María

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 25 Nov 2023 17:32:10 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

According to the Roman historian Titus Livius "Valentia" was founded by Consul Decimus Iunius Brutus Callaicus in the 4th century BC,

A century later "Valentia Edetanorum" became one of the first Hispanic cities to become a Roman colony.

The city made rapid progress after the Arab conquest in 711, reaching 15,000 inhabitants in the Caliphate of Córdoba. The Amirids and the Dhun Nunids ruled in “Balansiya”. In 1094, El Cid, a Castilian noble, conquered the city. The conquest was not carried out on behalf of one of the Christian kingdoms, but on the Cid's own account, who proclaimed himself "Señor de Valencia" and thus created a kind of private kingdom. He was able to defend the city against several Almoravid attacks, and after his death in 1099, his widow Jimena managed to hold Valencia until 1102, when it fell to the Almoravids, and a little later to the Almohads.

After the victory of the united Christian armies over the Almohads in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa (1212), Moorish Spain fell apart again into individual small kingdoms, including a Taifa from Valencia.

It was finally conquered in 1238 by Jaime I de Aragón (aka "el Conquistador"), after a five-month siege.

In the 15th century, the city grew rapidly and developed into one of the largest Mediterranean ports and an important trade and financial center. At the beginning of the 15th century the city had around 40,000.
There was once a Roman temple on the site of the church, which was converted into a Visigothic church after the Muslim conquest and converted into a mosque. After the reconquest in 1237, it became a church again.

The construction of the current Gothic-style building began in 1262 and was completed in the 15th century. However, its construction went on for centuries, so there is a mixture of Renaissance, Baroque, and Classicism styles.

The cathedral´s Baroque portal is the youngest one.

Palacio Real La Granja de San Ildefonso

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 22 Oct 2023 20:22:30 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

The "Palacio Real La Granja de San Ildefonso" (Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso) is an early 18th-century palace in the small town of San Ildefonso. It is considered the "Spanish Versailles".

The area was a favorite hunting ground for many Castilian kings. In the 15th century, Henry IV of Castile built the first hunting lodge on the site, along with a small shrine dedicated to San Ildefonso, which gave this place its first name.

It became the summer residence of the Kings of Spain from the 1720s during the reign of King Felipe V. The palace is in a restrained Baroque style, surrounded by extensive gardens in the formal Jardin à la française style with sculptural fountains.

Napoli - Complesso Monumentale Donnaregina

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Mon, 12 Dec 2022 12:09:04 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Napoli is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy. Its metropolitan area has a population of more than 3 million.

Founded by Greek settlers before 900 BC, Napoli was an important part of Magna Graecia and played a major role in the merging of Greek and Roman society.

Following the decline of the Western Roman Empire Napoli was shortly ruled by the Ostrogoths. Byzantine troops captured the city in 536m but after the Byzantine exarchate Ravenna fell a Duchy of Naples was created. Over centuries the Duchy´s relations to Rome or Byzanz were hard-fought. In 836 Napoli could repel a siege of Lombard troops with the help of the Saracens, what did not prevent Muhammad I Abu 'l-Abbas in the 850s loot Napoli. In the 11th century, the Duchy hired Norman mercenaries and about 1140 it came under Norman control under Roger II, then King of Sicily.

In 1228 Emperor Frederick II founded the first university in Europe here, making Napoli the intellectual centre of the kingdom. The conflict between the House of Hohenstaufen and the Papacy led in 1266 to Pope Innocent IV crowning the Angevin duke Charles I King of Sicily. Charles officially moved the capital from Palermo to Napoli.

In 1282 after the "Sicilian Vespers", a successful rebellion on the island of Sicily against the rule of King Charles I, the Kingdom of Sicily was divided into two. The Angevin Kingdom of Naples included the southern part of the Italian peninsula, while the island of Sicily became the Aragonese Kingdom of Sicily.

By the 17th century, Naples had become Europe's second-largest city – second only to Paris – with around 250000 inhabitants.

The "Complesso Monumentale Donnaregina" consists of two churches. The younger "Donnaregina Nuova" from the 17th century and the "Donnaregina Vecchia" from the 14th century. Today the complex houses the "Museo Diocesano".

Donnaregina Nuova

Catania - Duomo di Catania

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 16 Nov 2022 12:32:07 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

With a population of about 310.00 Catania is the second largest municipality in Sicily, after Palermo. It is located at the base of the active volcano, Mount Etna, and it faces the Ionian Sea.

Catania was founded in the 8th century BC by the Greeks. At the beginning of the First Punic War, it was conquered in 263 BC. occupied by the Romans. In 535 AD Belisarius conquered Catania, which had fallen into the hands of the Goths and which, under Byzantine rule, once again became one of the most important cities in Sicily. In the 9th century, Catania fell into the hands of the Arabs. In 1071, the Norman Roger I expelled the Arabs from Catania, installed a bishop here and founded a Benedictine monastery. In 1170, a severe earthquake destroyed almost the entire city. 1197 were the rebellious Sicilians before Catania by the army of Emperor Henry VI. struck, after which the city was largely destroyed. Emperor Frederick II also razed the renegade city to the ground and built the Ursino Castle there from 1239 to 1250.

During the 14th century, and into the Renaissance period, Catania was one of Italy's most important cultural, artistic and political centers. It was the site of Sicily's first university, founded in 1434. A major eruption and lava flow from nearby Mount Etna nearly swamped the city in 1669 and it suffered severe devastation from the 1693 Sicily earthquake.
The Catania Cathedral has been destroyed and rebuilt several times because of earthquakes and eruptions of the nearby Etna. It was originally constructed in 1078 –1093, on the ruins of the ancient Roman Baths. At the time it was a fortified church.

In 1169 it was almost entirely destroyed by an earthquake, leaving only the apse area intact. Further damage was caused by a fire in 1169, but the most catastrophic event was the 1693 earthquake, which again left it mostly in ruins. It was subsequently rebuilt in the Baroque style.

The current appearance of the cathedral dates from the work in 1711 of Gian Battista Vaccarini, who designed a new Baroque façade after the 1693 earthquake.

The dome dates from 1802. The bell tower was originally erected in 1387, with a height of some 70 meters. After the destruction of 1693, it was rebuilt.

The wooden main door has this relief that probably depicts the "First Bath".

I have already uploaded a lot of photos previously taken in Sicily. Now I will add only a few. If you want to see more, follow this link:

www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1238300

Catania - Duomo di Catania

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 16 Nov 2022 12:12:55 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

With a population of about 310.00 Catania is the second largest municipality in Sicily, after Palermo. It is located at the base of the active volcano, Mount Etna, and it faces the Ionian Sea.

Catania was founded in the 8th century BC by the Greeks. At the beginning of the First Punic War, it was conquered in 263 BC. occupied by the Romans. In 535 AD Belisarius conquered Catania, which had fallen into the hands of the Goths and which, under Byzantine rule, once again became one of the most important cities in Sicily. In the 9th century, Catania fell into the hands of the Arabs. In 1071, Norman Roger I expelled the Arabs from Catania, installed a bishop here, and founded a Benedictine monastery. In 1170, a severe earthquake destroyed almost the entire city. 1197 were the rebellious Sicilians before Catania by the army of Emperor Henry VI. struck, after which the city was largely destroyed. Emperor Frederick II also razed the renegade city to the ground and built the Ursino Castle there from 1239 to 1250.

During the 14th century, and into the Renaissance period, Catania was one of Italy's most important cultural, artistic, and political centers. It was the site of Sicily's first university, founded in 1434. A major eruption and lava flow from nearby Mount Etna nearly swamped the city in 1669 and it suffered severe devastation from the 1693 Sicily earthquake.
The Catania Cathedral has been destroyed and rebuilt several times because of earthquakes and eruptions of the nearby Etna. It was originally constructed in 1078 –1093, on the ruins of the ancient Roman Baths. At the time it was a fortified church.

In 1169 it was almost entirely destroyed by an earthquake, leaving only the apse area intact. Further damage was caused by a fire in 1169, but the most catastrophic event was the 1693 earthquake, which again left it mostly in ruins. It was subsequently rebuilt in the Baroque style.

The current appearance of the cathedral dates from the work in 1711 of Gian Battista Vaccarini, who designed a new Baroque façade after the 1693 earthquake.

The dome dates from 1802. The bell tower was originally erected in 1387, with a height of some 70 meters. After the destruction of 1693, it was rebuilt.

I have already uploaded a lot of photos previously taken in Sicily. Now I will add only a few. If you want to see more, follow this link:

www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1238300

Enna - Maria Santissima della Visitazione

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 13 Nov 2022 22:12:14 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Enna (known until 1926 as Castrogiovanni) is located roughly at the center of Sicily, towering above the surrounding countryside.

During the Punic Wars, Enna was occupied first by the Carthaginians and then by the Romans. After the Romans, the Byzantines ruled. After a first unsuccessful attack in the summer of 827, the Arabs conquered the city in 859 after several years of siege. In 1088 it was conquered by the Normans.

Maria SS. della Visitazione (also known as Duomo di Enna) was founded at the behest of Eleonora d'Angiò, wife of Frederick III of Aragon and fervent devotee of the Madonna, to celebrate the birth of Pietro, their son. Built in Gothic style, in 1446 a serious fire destroyed it except for an apse and a part of the right side. It was reconstructed with the support of Alfonso V of Aragon.

At the beginning of the 18th century, the baroque facade was built from tuff.

I have already uploaded a lot of photos previously taken in Sicily. Now I will add only a few. If you want to see more, follow this link:
www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1238300

Marsala - Duomo di Marsala

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 12 Nov 2022 17:50:28 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Sicily, the largest Mediterranean island, has a long history, that starts around 8000 BC, but later there were Phoenician, Carthaginian, Greek, and Roman periods. After the Roman Empire had fallen apart the Vandals tried to take over the island but failed. Finally, the Ostrogoths took possession.
Mid of the 6th century Sicily was conquered by troops of the Byzantine Empire. After the advent of Islam, Sicily got attacked by Arab forces. Raids seeking loot continued until the mid-8th century.

A Muslim army was sent to the island in 827 but met with much resistance. So it took a century to conquer it and even later revolts constantly occurred

In 1038 the Byzantines invaded the island supported by Norman mercenaries, led by Roger. In 1072, after the siege of Palermo, most of Sicily was under Norman control. Roger´s son Roger II raised the status of the island to a kingdom in 1130. During this period, the Kingdom of Sicily was prosperous and powerful.

The court of Roger II became melting out of culture from Europe and the Middle East. This attracted scholars, scientists, artists, and artisans. Muslims, Jews, Greeks, Lombards, and Normans cooperated and created some extraordinary buildings.

In 1186 the last descendant of Roger, Constance of Sicily married Emperor Henry VI, the second son of Barbarossa. So the crown of Sicily was passed on to the Hohenstaufen Dynasty. Frederick II, the only son of Constance, was crowned King of Sicily at the age of four in 1198. He became "Stupor Mundi", one of the greatest and most cultured men of the Middle Ages.

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Marsala was founded in 397 BC. founded. Founded by the Carthaginians under the name of Lilybaion. It was considered impregnable and was besieged several times without success. It was the last Carthaginian base in Sicily at the end of the Punic Wars.

Since the end of the Western Roman Empire, the fortress lost importance and fell into the hands of the Arabs in 827, who rebuilt it. It was the first city in Italy to come under Islamic rule.

The town was also promoted under Norman rule. In the middle of the 16th century, after unsuccessful battles against barbarian corsairs from Algeria, the port was filled in and the city lost its supremacy to Trapani.

In 1773 the Englishman John Woodhouse founded a wine production in Marsala. By 1814 there were already four major British wineries and the city was thriving again. Today Marsala is the center of viticulture in western Sicily. This is where the Marsala wine comes from.

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From the first half of the 2nd century to the 9th century here was the seat of the Diocese of Lilybaeum.

Tradition holds that the Norman cathedral was begun around 1176. It seems to have had a basilica plan with side chapels behind a colonnaded portico and a bell-tower. It was consecrated between 1173 and 1189. From the reign of Alfonso V of Aragon onwards, Renaissance style arrived in Marsala. Despite difficult economic conditions the Norman cathedral was enlarged three times between 1497 and 1590. The church's dome collapsed in 1893. In 1903 after a temporary covering was put in place the church was reopened.

The facade of the Duomo is Baroque

I have already uploaded a lot of photos previously taken in Sicily. Now I will add only a few. If you want to see more, follow this link:
www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1238300

Marsala - Chiesa del Purgatorio

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 12 Nov 2022 17:47:20 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Sicily, the largest Mediterranean island, has a long history, that starts around 8000 BC, but later there were Phoenician, Carthaginian, Greek, and Roman periods. After the Roman Empire had fallen apart the Vandals tried to take over the island but failed. Finally, the Ostrogoths took possession.
Mid of the 6th century Sicily was conquered by troops of the Byzantine Empire. After the advent of Islam, Sicily got attacked by Arab forces. Raids seeking loot continued until the mid-8th century.

A Muslim army was sent to the island in 827 but met with much resistance. So it took a century to conquer it and even later revolts constantly occurred

In 1038 the Byzantines invaded the island supported by Norman mercenaries, led by Roger. In 1072, after the siege of Palermo, most of Sicily was under Norman control. Roger´s son Roger II raised the status of the island to a kingdom in 1130. During this period, the Kingdom of Sicily was prosperous and powerful.

The court of Roger II became melting out of culture from Europe and the Middle East. This attracted scholars, scientists, artists, and artisans. Muslims, Jews, Greeks, Lombards, and Normans cooperated and created some extraordinary buildings.

In 1186 the last descendant of Roger, Constance of Sicily married Emperor Henry VI, the second son of Barbarossa. So the crown of Sicily was passed on to the Hohenstaufen Dynasty. Frederick II, the only son of Constance, was crowned King of Sicily at the age of four in 1198. He became "Stupor Mundi", one of the greatest and most cultured men of the Middle Ages.

-
Marsala was founded in 397 BC. founded. Founded by the Carthaginians under the name of Lilybaion. It was considered impregnable and was besieged several times without success. It was the last Carthaginian base in Sicily at the end of the Punic Wars.

Since the end of the Western Roman Empire, the fortress lost importance and fell into the hands of the Arabs in 827, who rebuilt it. It was the first city in Italy to come under Islamic rule.

The town was also promoted under Norman rule. In the middle of the 16th century, after unsuccessful battles against barbarian corsairs from Algeria, the port was filled in and the city lost its supremacy to Trapani.

In 1773 the Englishman John Woodhouse founded a wine production in Marsala. By 1814 there were already four major British wineries and the city was thriving again. Today Marsala is the center of viticulture in western Sicily. This is where the Marsala wine comes from.

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The church faces Piazza del Purgatorio. The church stands on the same site as the former Church of Santi Fabiano and Sebastiano. Enlarged after a plague, the building houses the Congregazione delle Anime del Purgatorio (Congregation of Souls of Purgatory) in 1601, from which it takes its name.

Completely remodeled in 1669 and completed in 1710. The façade, composed of columns decorated with garlands of fruit, entablatures, and cornices is Baroque in inspiration. It does not have the grim "memento mori" decor, most of the other "Purgatorio churches" have.

I have already uploaded a lot of photos previously taken in Sicily. Now I will add only a few. If you want to see more, follow this link:

www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1238300

Strzelno - Kościół Świętej Trójcy i Najświętszej Marii Panny

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 26 May 2022 20:08:22 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

In the 12th century the local voivode endowed the Church of St. Cross here. At the end of the 12th century another church, the Rotunda of St. Prokop, was built.

Premonstratensian nuns had a monastery here from 1148 to 1838. The Holy Trinity Church, consecrated in 1216, was also built during this period.

Strzelno fell to Prussia in 1772. After the end of the First World War Strzelno was ceded to the Second Polish Republic. In 1939 the region was occupied by the German Wehrmacht; subsequently Strelno was reincorporated into the German Reich. In the spring of 1945 it rejoined Poland.

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Today's parish church is the former monastery church of the Premonstratensian nuns. It was consecrated in 1216. It is a three-nave basilica with transept, large choir loft and apse. On the eastern side, the church was originally equipped with two round towers. The central nave is covered by a star vault, while the side aisles are covered by ribbed vaults.

In the 18th century the church was rebuilt. It was given a new facade and baroque furnishings. The original appearance was thus rendered unrecognizable. It was even forgotten.

During the renovation of the church in 1946, six Romanesque columns were freed from a thick layer of plaster. Two of the column shafts are richly decorated with figural bas-reliefs. Their origin is dated to the second half of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th century.

Strzelno - Kościół Świętej Trójcy i Najświętszej Marii Panny

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 26 May 2022 19:39:32 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Strzelno - Kościół Świętej Trójcy i Najświętszej Marii Panny

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 26 May 2022 12:39:34 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

In the 12th century the local voivode endowed the Church of St. Cross here. At the end of the 12th century another church, the Rotunda of St. Prokop, was built.

Premonstratensian nuns had a monastery here from 1148 to 1838. The Holy Trinity Church, consecrated in 1216, was also built during this period.

Strzelno fell to Prussia in 1772. After the end of the First World War Strzelno was ceded to the Second Polish Republic. In 1939 the region was occupied by the German Wehrmacht; subsequently Strelno was reincorporated into the German Reich. In the spring of 1945 it rejoined Poland.

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Today's parish church is the former monastery church of the Premonstratensian nuns. It was consecrated in 1216. It is a three-nave basilica with transept, large choir loft and apse. On the eastern side, the church was originally equipped with two round towers. The central nave is covered by a star vault, while the side aisles are covered by ribbed vaults.

In the 18th century, the church was rebuilt in the Baroque style and received a new facade and furnishings, while the original Romanesque appearance was rendered unrecognizable. The Baroque facade from the first half of the 18th century is flanked by two Baroque towers with helmet roofs.

Nysa - Kościół Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Fri, 13 May 2022 11:47:53 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Nysa was probably founded in the 10th century. The name of the Nysa river, from which the town takes its name, was mentioned in 991 when it was part of the Duchy of Poland under Mieszko I. A Polish stronghold was built in Nysa in the 11th and 12th centuries due to the proximity of the border with the Czech Duchy. From the 14th century on it was administered by the Bishopric of Wrocław. Nysa was granted town rights around 1223 and attracted Flemish and German settlers. In 1241 it was ravaged by the Mongols during the first Mongol invasion. In 1245, it was granted staple right and two yearly fairs were established. Nysa became an important trade and craft center of Poland before it passed under the suzerainty of the Bohemian Crown in 1351, under which it remained until 1742.

The town's fortifications from 1350 served to defend against the Hussites in 1424. During the Thirty Years' War, it was besieged three times. It was looted by the Saxons and Swedes. During the First Silesian War in 1741, it was captured by Prussians. In 1758 it was unsuccessfully besieged by the Austrians and stayed Prussian.

Towards the end of WWII, about 80% of the city center was destroyed. Most affected were the houses on the Rynek (Market Place) and the houses along the main streets.
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In 1346 monks built a monastery and hospital complex in the Old Town, next to the Church of Maria in Rosis (Our Lady of the Rosary). After the fire resulting from fights with the Hussites, they were moved and the church was finally demolished in 1622.

The collegiate church of St. Peter and Paul was built between 1720 and 1727 by the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem in the Baroque style on the former city wall.

After secularization in 1810, the church became a soap factory for a time. In the 19th century there was a hospital in the monastery, in the years 1949–1997 it was the seat of the theological seminary, now it houses the Diocesan Gymnasium

The church was renovated in the 1830s and again in the late 1920s The building survived the fighting at the end of the Second World War largely unscathed. Only the church windows were destroyed.

Jerome, the Doctor of the Church, is depicted with his lion. There is a popular belief that Jerome had tamed the lion in the wilderness by healing its paw.

Nysa - Kościół Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Fri, 13 May 2022 11:32:30 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Nysa was probably founded in the 10th century. The name of the Nysa river, from which the town takes its name, was mentioned in 991 when it was part of the Duchy of Poland under Mieszko I. A Polish stronghold was built in Nysa in the 11th and 12th centuries due to the proximity of the border with the Czech Duchy. From the 14th century on it was administered by the Bishopric of Wrocław. Nysa was granted town rights around 1223 and attracted Flemish and German settlers. In 1241 it was ravaged by the Mongols during the first Mongol invasion. In 1245, it was granted staple right and two yearly fairs were established. Nysa became an important trade and craft center of Poland before it passed under the suzerainty of the Bohemian Crown in 1351, under which it remained until 1742.

The town's fortifications from 1350 served to defend against the Hussites in 1424. During the Thirty Years' War, it was besieged three times. It was looted by the Saxons and Swedes. During the First Silesian War in 1741, it was captured by Prussians. In 1758 it was unsuccessfully besieged by the Austrians and stayed Prussian.

Towards the end of WWII, about 80% of the city center was destroyed. Most affected were the houses on the Rynek (Market Place) and the houses along the main streets.
-

In 1346 monks built a monastery and hospital complex in the Old Town, next to the Church of Maria in Rosis (Our Lady of the Rosary). After the fire resulting from fights with the Hussites, they were moved and the church was finally demolished in 1622.

The collegiate church of St. Peter and Paul was built between 1720 and 1727 by the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem in the Baroque style on the former city wall.

After secularization in 1810, the church became a soap factory for a time. In the 19th century there was a hospital in the monastery, in the years 1949–1997 it was the seat of the theological seminary, now it houses the Diocesan Gymnasium

The church was renovated in the 1830s and again in the late 1920s The building survived the fighting at the end of the Second World War largely unscathed. Only the church windows were destroyed.

Death awaits the two pilgrims who are on their way to Santiago (with Coquille Saint-Jacques). Above them hovers the reaper´s scythe around which a snake coils.

Nysa - Kościół Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Fri, 13 May 2022 10:49:48 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Nysa - Kościół Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 12 May 2022 22:00:42 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Nysa was probably founded in the 10th century. The name of the Nysa river, from which the town takes its name, was mentioned in 991 when it was part of the Duchy of Poland under Mieszko I. A Polish stronghold was built in Nysa in the 11th and 12th centuries due to the proximity of the border with the Czech Duchy. From the 14th century on it was administered by the Bishopric of Wrocław. Nysa was granted town rights around 1223 and attracted Flemish and German settlers. In 1241 it was ravaged by the Mongols during the first Mongol invasion. In 1245, it was granted staple right and two yearly fairs were established. Nysa became an important trade and craft center of Poland before it passed under the suzerainty of the Bohemian Crown in 1351, under which it remained until 1742.

The town's fortifications from 1350 served to defend against the Hussites in 1424. During the Thirty Years' War, it was besieged three times. It was looted by the Saxons and Swedes. During the First Silesian War in 1741, it was captured by Prussians. In 1758 it was unsuccessfully besieged by the Austrians and stayed Prussian.

Towards the end of WWII, about 80% of the city center was destroyed. Most affected were the houses on the Rynek (Market Place) and the houses along the main streets.
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In 1346 monks built a monastery and hospital complex in the Old Town, next to the Church of Maria in Rosis (Our Lady of the Rosary). After the fire resulting from fights with the Hussites, they were moved and the church was finally demolished in 1622.

The collegiate church of St. Peter and Paul was built between 1720 and 1727 by the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem in the Baroque style on the former city wall.

After secularization in 1810, the church became a soap factory for a time. In the 19th century there was a hospital in the monastery, in the years 1949–1997 it was the seat of the theological seminary, now it houses the Diocesan Gymnasium

The church was renovated in the 1830s and again in the late 1920s The building survived the fighting at the end of the Second World War largely unscathed. Only the church windows were destroyed.

The church building is characterized by its double tower facade.

Nysa - Kościół Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 12 May 2022 20:43:56 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

Nysa was probably founded in the 10th century. The name of the Nysa river, from which the town takes its name, was mentioned in 991 when it was part of the Duchy of Poland under Mieszko I. A Polish stronghold was built in Nysa in the 11th and 12th centuries due to the proximity of the border with the Czech Duchy. From the 14th century on it was administered by the Bishopric of Wrocław. Nysa was granted town rights around 1223 and attracted Flemish and German settlers. In 1241 it was ravaged by the Mongols during the first Mongol invasion. In 1245, it was granted staple right and two yearly fairs were established. Nysa became an important trade and craft center of Poland before it passed under the suzerainty of the Bohemian Crown in 1351, under which it remained until 1742.

The town's fortifications from 1350 served to defend against the Hussites in 1424. During the Thirty Years' War, it was besieged three times. It was looted by the Saxons and Swedes. During the First Silesian War in 1741, it was captured by Prussians. In 1758 it was unsuccessfully besieged by the Austrians and stayed Prussian.

Towards the end of WWII, about 80% of the city center was destroyed. Most affected were the houses on the Rynek (Market Place) and the houses along the main streets.
-

In 1346 monks built a monastery and hospital complex in the Old Town, next to the Church of Maria in Rosis (Our Lady of the Rosary). After the fire resulting from fights with the Hussites, they were moved and the church was finally demolished in 1622.

The collegiate church of St. Peter and Paul was built between 1720 and 1727 by the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem in the Baroque style on the former city wall.

After secularization in 1810, the church became a soap factory for a time. In the 19th century there was a hospital in the monastery, in the years 1949–1997 it was the seat of the theological seminary, now it houses the Diocesan Gymnasium

The church was renovated in the 1830s and again in the late 1920s The building survived the fighting at the end of the Second World War largely unscathed. Only the church windows were destroyed.

The church building is characterized by its double tower facade, here seen from the Rynek (Market).

Kraków - Kolegiata św. Anny

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 04 May 2022 20:04:58 +0000

Martin M. Miles has posted:

A legend attributes Kraków's founding to the mythical ruler Krakus, who built it above a cave occupied by a dragon, Smok Wawelski. The first written record dates to 965, when Kraków was described as a notable commercial center captured by a Bohemian duke Boleslaus I in 955. The first ruler of Poland, Mieszko I, took Kraków from the Bohemians.

In 1038, Kraków became the seat of the Polish government. By the end of the 10th century, the city was a center of trade. Brick buildings were constructed, including the Royal Wawel Castle. The city was sacked and burned during the Mongol invasion of 1241. It was rebuilt and incorporated in 1257 by Bolesław V the Chaste who introduced city rights. In 1259, the city was again ravaged by the Mongols. The third attack in 1287 was repelled thanks in part to the newly built fortifications.

The city rose to prominence in 1364, when Casimir III founded the University of Kraków, the second oldest university in central Europe. But after Casimir´s death in 1370 the campus did not get completed.

As the capital of the Kingdom of Poland and a member of the Hanseatic League, the city attracted craftsmen from abroad, guilds as science and the arts began to flourish. The 15th and 16th centuries are known as Poland's "Złoty Wiek" (Golden Age).

After childless King Sigismund II had died in 1572, the Polish throne passed to Henry III of France and then to other foreign-based rulers in rapid succession, causing a decline in the city's importance that was worsened by pillaging during the Swedish invasion and by an outbreak of bubonic plague that left 20,000 of the city's residents dead. In 1596, Sigismund III of the House of Vasa moved the capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from Kraków to Warsaw.
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The church was first mentioned in 1381, but in 1407 got completely destroyed by a fire. It was rebuilt the same year in the Gothic style. Władysław II Jagiełło attached the Church formally to the Jagiellonian University. In 1535 St. Anne's was raised to the rank of a collegiate church.

In 1689 the Gothic edifice was demolished as it proved too small. The new Baroque church was erected, modelled on Sant'Andrea della Valle in Rome. The architect was Tylman van Gameren. The interior stucco decoration is the work of Baldassarre Fontana.