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  <title>Photos, videos and docs of Martin M. Miles, with the keywords: "Limoges"</title>
  <link>https://www.ipernity.com/tag/323415/keyword/294404</link>
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    <title>Photos, videos and docs of Martin M. Miles, with the keywords: "Limoges"</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/tag/323415/keyword/294404</link>
  </image>
  <description></description>
  <pubDate>Fri, 02 Oct 2026 04:41:15 +0000</pubDate>
  <lastBuildDate>Fri, 02 Oct 2026 04:41:15 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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    <title>Paderborn -  Museum in der Kaiserpfalz</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53246244</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-02-13,doc-53246244</guid>
    <pubDate>Fri, 13 Feb 2026 16:32:50 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-10-01T13:08:38+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53246244"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/44/53246244.35109a20.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="197" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;After the violent subjugation of the pagan Saxon tribes Paderborn was founded as a bishopric by Charlemagne in 795, although its official history began in 777 when Charlemagne built a castle near the springs of the Pader river. In 799 Pope Leo III fled his enemies in Rome and reached Paderborn, where he met Charlemagne, and stayed there for three months. It was during this time that it was decided that Charlemagne would be crowned emperor. Charlemagne reinstated Leo in Rome in 800 and was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Leo in return.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 836, St. Liborius became the patron saint of Paderborn after his bones were moved there from Le Mans. The bishop of Paderborn, Meinwerk, became a Prince of the Empire in 1100. &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The oldest surviving document bearing a city seal dates from 1222. In the same year, the citizens revolted against the bishop's rule. In 1225, King Henry VII significantly curtailed the power of the episcopal count and granted privileges to the citizenry. The city name "Paderborn" was officially established in 1241. In 1247, Emperor Frederick II bestowed the title of "Prince-Bishop" upon Bishop Simon I of Lippe. &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The "Museum in der Kaiserpfalz" (Museum in the Imperial Palace) is located next to the cathedral on the site where, in 1964, the foundations of the 8th-century Paderborn Palace and a later structure from the time of Henry II were discovered.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The exhibition "775 - Westphalia" was opened in 2025.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary from Eslohe&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1220&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paderborn -  Museum in der Kaiserpfalz</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53246244"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/44/53246244.35109a20.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="197" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;After the violent subjugation of the pagan Saxon tribes Paderborn was founded as a bishopric by Charlemagne in 795, although its official history began in 777 when Charlemagne built a castle near the springs of the Pader river. In 799 Pope Leo III fled his enemies in Rome and reached Paderborn, where he met Charlemagne, and stayed there for three months. It was during this time that it was decided that Charlemagne would be crowned emperor. Charlemagne reinstated Leo in Rome in 800 and was crowned as Holy Roman Emperor by Leo in return.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 836, St. Liborius became the patron saint of Paderborn after his bones were moved there from Le Mans. The bishop of Paderborn, Meinwerk, became a Prince of the Empire in 1100. &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The oldest surviving document bearing a city seal dates from 1222. In the same year, the citizens revolted against the bishop's rule. In 1225, King Henry VII significantly curtailed the power of the episcopal count and granted privileges to the citizenry. The city name "Paderborn" was officially established in 1241. In 1247, Emperor Frederick II bestowed the title of "Prince-Bishop" upon Bishop Simon I of Lippe. &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The "Museum in der Kaiserpfalz" (Museum in the Imperial Palace) is located next to the cathedral on the site where, in 1964, the foundations of the 8th-century Paderborn Palace and a later structure from the time of Henry II were discovered.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The exhibition "775 - Westphalia" was opened in 2025.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary from Eslohe&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1220&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
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    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/44/53246244.35109a20.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="197"/>
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    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
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    <title>Mainz  -  Bischöfliches Dom- und Diözesanmuseum</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53235432</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-02-01,doc-53235432</guid>
    <pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2026 17:25:32 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-09-01T15:53:16+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53235432"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/32/53235432.e35ec1ac.240.jpg?r2" width="134" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;Mainz was founded around 20 BC by the Romans under the name “Mogontiacum” as a military camp. Today's capital of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate forms a metropolitan area with Wiesbaden, the neighboring capital of Hesse, with a combined population of around 500,000.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The "Republic of Mainz", a product of the French Revolution, was the first democratic state on German territory. The state was represented in Paris by the naturalist Georg Forster, who had been in the Pacific with Captain Cook as a boy. The Mainz Republic ended after only five months in July 1793 following the conquest of the city by Prussian and Austrian troops. Georg Forster died in Paris in 1794.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Founded in 1925, the Cathedral Museum houses in its historic rooms – the Staufer vaulted halls, the two-story late Gothic cloister and the former chapter houses – works of art from two millennia that once belonged to the furnishings of Mainz Cathedral or the churches of the diocese.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Candlestick&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, ca 1200&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Mainz  -  Bischöfliches Dom- und Diözesanmuseum</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53235432"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/32/53235432.e35ec1ac.240.jpg?r2" width="134" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;Mainz was founded around 20 BC by the Romans under the name “Mogontiacum” as a military camp. Today's capital of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate forms a metropolitan area with Wiesbaden, the neighboring capital of Hesse, with a combined population of around 500,000.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
The "Republic of Mainz", a product of the French Revolution, was the first democratic state on German territory. The state was represented in Paris by the naturalist Georg Forster, who had been in the Pacific with Captain Cook as a boy. The Mainz Republic ended after only five months in July 1793 following the conquest of the city by Prussian and Austrian troops. Georg Forster died in Paris in 1794.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Founded in 1925, the Cathedral Museum houses in its historic rooms – the Staufer vaulted halls, the two-story late Gothic cloister and the former chapter houses – works of art from two millennia that once belonged to the furnishings of Mainz Cathedral or the churches of the diocese.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Candlestick&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, ca 1200&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/32/53235432.e35ec1ac.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="312" height="560" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/32/53235432.e35ec1ac.240.jpg?r2" width="134" height="240"/>
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    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
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  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200418</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200418</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 20:20:10 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T13:09:36+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200418"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/18/53200418.68b8b9cf.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Top - Annunciation, Visitation, Presentation at the temple, Flight into Egypt &lt;br /&gt;
Bottom - Nativity, Annunciation to the shepherds, Adoration of the Magi &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. half of the 14th century (?)&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200418"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/18/53200418.68b8b9cf.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Top - Annunciation, Visitation, Presentation at the temple, Flight into Egypt &lt;br /&gt;
Bottom - Nativity, Annunciation to the shepherds, Adoration of the Magi &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. half of the 14th century (?)&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/18/53200418.68b8b9cf.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="420" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/18/53200418.68b8b9cf.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180"/>
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    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200410</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200410</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 20:04:13 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:55:21+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200410"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/10/53200410.fc7bb68d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="234" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Medaillon &lt;br /&gt;
Horseman with falcon &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1210&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200410"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/10/53200410.fc7bb68d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="234" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Medaillon &lt;br /&gt;
Horseman with falcon &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1210&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/10/53200410.fc7bb68d.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="545" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/04/10/53200410.fc7bb68d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="234"/>
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    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200378</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200378</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 19:44:48 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:52:44+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200378"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/78/53200378.d8fcf683.240.jpg?r2" width="231" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Last Supper&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1240 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200378"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/78/53200378.d8fcf683.240.jpg?r2" width="231" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Last Supper&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1240 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/78/53200378.d8fcf683.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="539" height="560" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/78/53200378.d8fcf683.240.jpg?r2" width="231" height="240"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/78/53200378.d8fcf683.100.jpg?r2" width="97" height="100"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200356</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200356</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 19:12:59 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:52:14+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200356"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/56/53200356.7a4bf5ae.240.jpg?r2" width="154" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Virgin and Child&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1275 - 1300&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200356"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/56/53200356.7a4bf5ae.240.jpg?r2" width="154" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Virgin and Child&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1275 - 1300&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/56/53200356.7a4bf5ae.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="359" height="560" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/56/53200356.7a4bf5ae.240.jpg?r2" width="154" height="240"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/56/53200356.7a4bf5ae.100.jpg?r2" width="65" height="100"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200348</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200348</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 18:51:58 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:51:32+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200348"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/48/53200348.4f6faa92.240.jpg?r2" width="124" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Applique figure &lt;br /&gt;
Virgin and Child&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200348"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/48/53200348.4f6faa92.240.jpg?r2" width="124" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Applique figure &lt;br /&gt;
Virgin and Child&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/48/53200348.4f6faa92.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="289" height="560" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/48/53200348.4f6faa92.240.jpg?r2" width="124" height="240"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/48/53200348.4f6faa92.100.jpg?r2" width="52" height="100"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200342</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200342</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 18:22:06 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:51:12+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200342"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/42/53200342.41695516.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="195" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two altar plaques &lt;br /&gt;
Annunciation and Crucifixion&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200342"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/42/53200342.41695516.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="195" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Two altar plaques &lt;br /&gt;
Annunciation and Crucifixion&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/42/53200342.41695516.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="453" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/42/53200342.41695516.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="195"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/03/42/53200342.41695516.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="81"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200298</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200298</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 17:39:54 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:49:17+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200298"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/98/53200298.5496d2c7.240.jpg?r2" width="197" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Applique figure &lt;br /&gt;
Christ on the Cross&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200298"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/98/53200298.5496d2c7.240.jpg?r2" width="197" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Applique figure &lt;br /&gt;
Christ on the Cross&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1250&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/98/53200298.5496d2c7.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="460" height="560" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/98/53200298.5496d2c7.240.jpg?r2" width="197" height="240"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/98/53200298.5496d2c7.100.jpg?r2" width="82" height="100"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200200</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200200</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 16:34:17 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:48:00+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200200"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/00/53200200.33bef835.240.jpg?r2" width="151" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Arched Plaque&lt;br /&gt;
St. Paul (?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, about 1200&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200200"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/00/53200200.33bef835.240.jpg?r2" width="151" height="240" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Arched Plaque&lt;br /&gt;
St. Paul (?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, about 1200&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/00/53200200.33bef835.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="352" height="560" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/00/53200200.33bef835.240.jpg?r2" width="151" height="240"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/02/00/53200200.33bef835.100.jpg?r2" width="63" height="100"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200180</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-06,doc-53200180</guid>
    <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 16:10:52 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:47:51+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200180"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/01/80/53200180.d061b8ee.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="216" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Plaque from a Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Three Apostles&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53200180"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/01/80/53200180.d061b8ee.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="216" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Plaque from a Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Three Apostles&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/01/80/53200180.d061b8ee.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="504" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/01/80/53200180.d061b8ee.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="216"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/01/80/53200180.d061b8ee.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="90"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199744</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199744</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 20:37:52 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:46:58+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199744"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/44/53199744.fb40cb82.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="202" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Murder and Burial of Thomas Becket in Canterbury 1170&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200-1220&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199744"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/44/53199744.fb40cb82.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="202" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Murder and Burial of Thomas Becket in Canterbury 1170&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200-1220&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/44/53199744.fb40cb82.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="472" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/44/53199744.fb40cb82.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="202"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/44/53199744.fb40cb82.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="85"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199740</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199740</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 20:28:04 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:46:36+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199740"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/40/53199740.1815cd0f.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="224" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Murder and Burial of Thomas Becket in Canterbury 1170&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1190-1200&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199740"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/40/53199740.1815cd0f.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="224" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Murder and Burial of Thomas Becket in Canterbury 1170&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1190-1200&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/40/53199740.1815cd0f.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="522" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/40/53199740.1815cd0f.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="224"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/40/53199740.1815cd0f.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="94"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199714</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199714</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 19:49:08 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:47:08+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199714"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/14/53199714.5a5ab329.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="212" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Angels and Saints&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, late 12th century&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199714"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/14/53199714.5a5ab329.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="212" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Angels and Saints&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, late 12th century&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/14/53199714.5a5ab329.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="494" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/14/53199714.5a5ab329.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="212"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/14/53199714.5a5ab329.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="89"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199708</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199708</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 19:37:30 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:45:06+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199708"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/08/53199708.2fcf8427.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="166" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
The martyrdom of St. Fausta&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1220&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199708"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/08/53199708.2fcf8427.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="166" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
The martyrdom of St. Fausta&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1200 - 1220&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/08/53199708.2fcf8427.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="387" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/08/53199708.2fcf8427.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="166"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/08/53199708.2fcf8427.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="70"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199700</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199700</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 19:25:51 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:44:51+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199700"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/00/53199700.d5146282.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="162" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Christ in Majesty, Crucufixion&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1. quarter of the 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199700"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/00/53199700.d5146282.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="162" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Christ in Majesty, Crucufixion&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1. quarter of the 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/00/53199700.d5146282.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="378" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/00/53199700.d5146282.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="162"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/97/00/53199700.d5146282.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="68"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199690</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199690</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 18:56:50 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:44:40+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199690"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/90/53199690.bccef041.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="155" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Scenes from the Life of the Virgin and Christ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Annunciation, Visitation, Nativity, Arrival of the Shepherds,&lt;br /&gt;
Adoration of the Magi, Presentation at the Temple &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1. quarter of the 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199690"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/90/53199690.bccef041.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="155" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Scenes from the Life of the Virgin and Christ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Annunciation, Visitation, Nativity, Arrival of the Shepherds,&lt;br /&gt;
Adoration of the Magi, Presentation at the Temple &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 1. quarter of the 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/90/53199690.bccef041.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="360" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/90/53199690.bccef041.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="155"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/90/53199690.bccef041.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="65"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199678</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199678</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 18:24:35 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:44:21+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199678"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/78/53199678.69eb579a.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="176" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Crucifixion &lt;br /&gt;
Martydom of St. Thomas Becket (a very political icon)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 2nd half of the 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199678"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/78/53199678.69eb579a.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="176" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Crucifixion &lt;br /&gt;
Martydom of St. Thomas Becket (a very political icon)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, 2nd half of the 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/78/53199678.69eb579a.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="411" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/78/53199678.69eb579a.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="176"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/78/53199678.69eb579a.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="74"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199674</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-05,doc-53199674</guid>
    <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 18:10:26 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:44:10+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199674"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/74/53199674.a978d535.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="163" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Christ in Majesty, Crucifixion&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, about 1220-1230&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53199674"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/74/53199674.a978d535.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="163" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary&lt;br /&gt;
Christ in Majesty, Crucifixion&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, about 1220-1230&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/74/53199674.a978d535.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="379" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/74/53199674.a978d535.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="163"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/96/74/53199674.a978d535.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="68"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53198764</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2026-01-04,doc-53198764</guid>
    <pubDate>Sun, 04 Jan 2026 20:39:40 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2025-08-01T12:44:30+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53198764"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/87/64/53198764.2fc5cc02.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="208" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary &lt;br /&gt;
Martyrdom of St. Sebastian&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, last quarter 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Paris  -  Musée de Cluny</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415"&gt;Martin M. Miles&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/53198764"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/87/64/53198764.2fc5cc02.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="208" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;The Hôtel de Cluny was built in the late 15th century on the site of an older building constructed after the Abbey of Cluny acquired the ancient Roman baths in 1340.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The manor house was rebuilt under Jacques d’Amboise, Abbot Commander of Cluny (1485–1510). In the 18th century, the tower of the Hôtel de Cluny served as an observatory for the astronomers Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, Jérôme Lalande, and Charles Messier. During the French Revolution in 1789, the manor house was confiscated.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1832, the archaeologist and art collector Alexandre Du Sommerard acquired the Hôtel de Cluny and used it to display his extensive collection of medieval artifacts. After his death, the collection became the property of the French state. The building opened as a museum in 1843.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The museum underwent a complete renovation over three years and reopened in 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Reliquary &lt;br /&gt;
Martyrdom of St. Sebastian&lt;br /&gt;
Limoges, last quarter 13th century&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/87/64/53198764.2fc5cc02.560.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="560" height="484" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/87/64/53198764.2fc5cc02.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="208"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/87/64/53198764.2fc5cc02.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="87"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Martin M. Miles</media:credit>
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