https://www.ipernity.com/tag/323415/keyword/238454 https://cdn.ipernity.com/p/105/57/EF/323415.buddy.jpg https://www.ipernity.com/tag/323415/keyword/238454 Thu, 10 Sep 2026 20:17:26 +0000 Thu, 10 Sep 2026 20:17:26 +0000 https://www.ipernity.com https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567080 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-14,doc-51567080 Wed, 14 Sep 2022 10:37:10 +0000 2021-12-01T13:26:05+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567080"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/80/51567080.2a1b0944.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="173" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. <br /> <br /> Heraclius Constantine (also called Constantine III) was one of the shortest reigning Byzantine emperors, ruling for only three months in 641. He is depicted together with Tiberios I, the Eastern Roman emperor from 578 to 582. <br /> <br /> Privileges are presented (to the city of Ravenna) under the eyes of the archbishop.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Basilica di Sant&#039;Apollinare in Classe <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567080"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/80/51567080.2a1b0944.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="173" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. <br /> <br /> Heraclius Constantine (also called Constantine III) was one of the shortest reigning Byzantine emperors, ruling for only three months in 641. He is depicted together with Tiberios I, the Eastern Roman emperor from 578 to 582. <br /> <br /> Privileges are presented (to the city of Ravenna) under the eyes of the archbishop.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567050 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-14,doc-51567050 Wed, 14 Sep 2022 10:08:27 +0000 2021-12-01T13:12:08+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567050"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/50/51567050.f90a65fd.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="204" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. <br /> <br /> The mosaic of the apse depicts of the Transfiguration. It is the first transfiguration depiction in which Christ is symbolized by a cross. Below the cross is a lush landscape covered in flowers with sheep and St. Apollinaris in the center. The bishop, dressed in a chasuble, raises his arms to heaven in prayer in the orant position. He is surrounded by 12 lambs representing the faithful following their shepherd.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Basilica di Sant&#039;Apollinare in Classe <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567050"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/50/51567050.f90a65fd.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="204" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. <br /> <br /> The mosaic of the apse depicts of the Transfiguration. It is the first transfiguration depiction in which Christ is symbolized by a cross. Below the cross is a lush landscape covered in flowers with sheep and St. Apollinaris in the center. The bishop, dressed in a chasuble, raises his arms to heaven in prayer in the orant position. He is surrounded by 12 lambs representing the faithful following their shepherd.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567032 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-14,doc-51567032 Wed, 14 Sep 2022 09:52:53 +0000 2021-12-01T13:10:04+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567032"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/32/51567032.f1075f93.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="159" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. Only remains of the formerly mosaic-decorated floor have survived.<br /> <br /> A late antique sarcophagus with round lid<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Basilica di Sant&#039;Apollinare in Classe <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567032"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/32/51567032.f1075f93.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="159" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. Only remains of the formerly mosaic-decorated floor have survived.<br /> <br /> A late antique sarcophagus with round lid<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567010 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-14,doc-51567010 Wed, 14 Sep 2022 09:41:50 +0000 2021-12-01T13:18:16+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567010"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/10/51567010.feea241c.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. Only remains of the formerly mosaic-decorated floor have survived.<br /> <br /> One of the Byzantine capitals<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Basilica di Sant&#039;Apollinare in Classe <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51567010"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/70/10/51567010.feea241c.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="180" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. Only remains of the formerly mosaic-decorated floor have survived.<br /> <br /> One of the Byzantine capitals<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565706 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565706 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 22:28:10 +0000 2021-12-01T13:18:49+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565706"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/57/06/51565706.6b021a77.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="209" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. Only remains of the formerly mosaic-decorated floor have survived.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Basilica di Sant&#039;Apollinare in Classe <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565706"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/57/06/51565706.6b021a77.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="209" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> The interior (55.58 × 30.30 m) consists of three naves separated by two rows of twelve columns each made of Greek marble with Byzantine capitals. The elongated church is not vaulted - as was common in late antiquity - but covered with wooden trusses; the original coffered ceiling is no longer preserved. Only remains of the formerly mosaic-decorated floor have survived.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565702 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565702 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 22:08:23 +0000 2021-12-01T13:49:27+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565702"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/57/02/51565702.d6b75789.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="179" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Basilica di Sant&#039;Apollinare in Classe <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565702"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/57/02/51565702.d6b75789.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="179" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe began under Bishop Ursicinus (officiating 533-536) and was consecrated by Bishop Maximian in 549.<br /> It is (like seven more churches in Ravenna) part of the UNESCO World Heritage List, which described it as "an outstanding example of the early Christian basilica in its purity and simplicity of its design and use of space and in the sumptuous nature of its decoration".<br /> <br /> The name in Classe comes from the ancient Roman city of Civitas Classis at the then (later silted up) port of Ravenna.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565678 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565678 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 21:42:00 +0000 2021-12-01T17:43:34+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565678"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/56/78/51565678.d035284d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="210" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of San Vitale began in 526. At the time, Ravenna was under the rule of the Ostrogoths. Bishop Maximianus completed construction in 547, preceding Justinian's creation of the Exarchate of Ravenna, which followed his partial re-conquest of the Western Roman Empire.<br /> <br /> San Vitale is the model for many later churches in Europe (e.g. Aachen Cathedral) and is known for its extraordinary mosaics. However, I will not upload any more photos now. You can find them in the album below.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - San Vitale <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565678"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/56/78/51565678.d035284d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="210" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of San Vitale began in 526. At the time, Ravenna was under the rule of the Ostrogoths. Bishop Maximianus completed construction in 547, preceding Justinian's creation of the Exarchate of Ravenna, which followed his partial re-conquest of the Western Roman Empire.<br /> <br /> San Vitale is the model for many later churches in Europe (e.g. Aachen Cathedral) and is known for its extraordinary mosaics. However, I will not upload any more photos now. You can find them in the album below.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565414 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565414 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 15:48:46 +0000 2021-12-01T13:58:00+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565414"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/14/51565414.2c214544.240.jpg?r2" width="168" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> Construction of the church began in 1701 at the behest of the Confraternita della Beata Vergine dei Suffragi (Confraternity of the Blessed Virgin of the Suffrages) and ended in 1728.<br /> <br /> The baroque-style building has a central octagonal plan. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Santa Maria del Suffragio <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565414"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/14/51565414.2c214544.240.jpg?r2" width="168" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> Construction of the church began in 1701 at the behest of the Confraternita della Beata Vergine dei Suffragi (Confraternity of the Blessed Virgin of the Suffrages) and ended in 1728.<br /> <br /> The baroque-style building has a central octagonal plan. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565402 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565402 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 15:30:07 +0000 2022-09-01T17:30:07+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565402"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/02/51565402.84e7e69d.240.jpg?r2" width="172" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> This pulpit/ambo comes from the church "Santi Giovanni e Paolo", as can be seen from the inscription. The two saints can be seen on the sides. It is dated to about 590 and is similar to the ambo of the cathedral. The Ravenna artists who created this ambo used an ancient sarcophagus cover.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565402"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/54/02/51565402.84e7e69d.240.jpg?r2" width="172" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> This pulpit/ambo comes from the church "Santi Giovanni e Paolo", as can be seen from the inscription. The two saints can be seen on the sides. It is dated to about 590 and is similar to the ambo of the cathedral. The Ravenna artists who created this ambo used an ancient sarcophagus cover.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565390 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565390 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 14:47:49 +0000 2021-12-01T12:31:07+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565390"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/53/90/51565390.7fc70ed8.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="170" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Throne of Maximianus is a cathedra made for Archbishop Maximianus of Ravenna. It can be dated to the years 545-553 and was probably carved in Constantinople. It was probably commissioned by Justinian as a gift for Maximianus because he became the new archbishop. It is quite possible that Maximianus acted as regent for the emperor in the remaining Byzantine territory in Italy, since Ravenna had been the western capital of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. <br /> <br /> The throne is made of carved ivory panels with frames of twisted vines and grapevines on a wooden frame. The ivory carvings are in relief, and important biblical figures are depicted on the panels. Scenes from the life of Christ are depicted on the back of the throne, and scenes from the story of Joseph from the Book of Genesis can be seen on the sides. <br /> <br /> Of the former 39 panels, only 27 are still preserved<br /> <br /> On the backrest are depicted scenes from Bethlehem.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565390"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/53/90/51565390.7fc70ed8.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="170" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Throne of Maximianus is a cathedra made for Archbishop Maximianus of Ravenna. It can be dated to the years 545-553 and was probably carved in Constantinople. It was probably commissioned by Justinian as a gift for Maximianus because he became the new archbishop. It is quite possible that Maximianus acted as regent for the emperor in the remaining Byzantine territory in Italy, since Ravenna had been the western capital of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. <br /> <br /> The throne is made of carved ivory panels with frames of twisted vines and grapevines on a wooden frame. The ivory carvings are in relief, and important biblical figures are depicted on the panels. Scenes from the life of Christ are depicted on the back of the throne, and scenes from the story of Joseph from the Book of Genesis can be seen on the sides. <br /> <br /> Of the former 39 panels, only 27 are still preserved<br /> <br /> On the backrest are depicted scenes from Bethlehem.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565334 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565334 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 13:50:07 +0000 2021-12-01T12:30:21+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565334"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/53/34/51565334.cb76a391.240.jpg?r2" width="158" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Throne of Maximianus is a cathedra made for Archbishop Maximianus of Ravenna. It can be dated to the years 545-553 and was probably carved in Constantinople. It was probably commissioned by Justinian as a gift for Maximianus because he became the new archbishop. It is quite possible that Maximianus acted as regent for the emperor in the remaining Byzantine territory in Italy, since Ravenna had been the western capital of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. <br /> <br /> The throne is made of carved ivory panels with frames of twisted vines and grapevines on a wooden frame. The ivory carvings are in relief, and important biblical figures are depicted on the panels. Scenes from the life of Christ are depicted on the back of the throne, and scenes from the story of Joseph from the Book of Genesis can be seen on the sides. <br /> <br /> Of the former 39 panels, only 27 are still preserved<br /> <br /> The story of Joseph<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565334"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/53/34/51565334.cb76a391.240.jpg?r2" width="158" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Throne of Maximianus is a cathedra made for Archbishop Maximianus of Ravenna. It can be dated to the years 545-553 and was probably carved in Constantinople. It was probably commissioned by Justinian as a gift for Maximianus because he became the new archbishop. It is quite possible that Maximianus acted as regent for the emperor in the remaining Byzantine territory in Italy, since Ravenna had been the western capital of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. <br /> <br /> The throne is made of carved ivory panels with frames of twisted vines and grapevines on a wooden frame. The ivory carvings are in relief, and important biblical figures are depicted on the panels. Scenes from the life of Christ are depicted on the back of the throne, and scenes from the story of Joseph from the Book of Genesis can be seen on the sides. <br /> <br /> Of the former 39 panels, only 27 are still preserved<br /> <br /> The story of Joseph<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565290 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565290 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 12:46:59 +0000 2021-12-01T12:29:50+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565290"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/52/90/51565290.060e9acb.240.jpg?r2" width="171" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Throne of Maximianus is a cathedra made for Archbishop Maximianus of Ravenna. It can be dated to the years 545-553 and was probably carved in Constantinople. It was probably commissioned by Justinian as a gift for Maximianus because he became the new archbishop. It is quite possible that Maximianus acted as regent for the emperor in the remaining Byzantine territory in Italy, since Ravenna had been the western capital of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. <br /> <br /> The throne is made of carved ivory panels with frames of twisted vines and grapevines on a wooden frame. The ivory carvings are in relief, and important biblical figures are depicted on the panels. Scenes from the life of Christ are depicted on the back of the throne, and scenes from the story of Joseph from the Book of Genesis can be seen on the sides. <br /> <br /> Of the former 39 panels, only 27 are still preserved<br /> <br /> Here from the front are the four evangelists. Above and below friezes depicting animals.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565290"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/52/90/51565290.060e9acb.240.jpg?r2" width="171" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Throne of Maximianus is a cathedra made for Archbishop Maximianus of Ravenna. It can be dated to the years 545-553 and was probably carved in Constantinople. It was probably commissioned by Justinian as a gift for Maximianus because he became the new archbishop. It is quite possible that Maximianus acted as regent for the emperor in the remaining Byzantine territory in Italy, since Ravenna had been the western capital of the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire. <br /> <br /> The throne is made of carved ivory panels with frames of twisted vines and grapevines on a wooden frame. The ivory carvings are in relief, and important biblical figures are depicted on the panels. Scenes from the life of Christ are depicted on the back of the throne, and scenes from the story of Joseph from the Book of Genesis can be seen on the sides. <br /> <br /> Of the former 39 panels, only 27 are still preserved<br /> <br /> Here from the front are the four evangelists. Above and below friezes depicting animals.<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565256 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565256 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 12:04:16 +0000 2021-12-01T12:28:47+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565256"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/52/56/51565256.8cb78d0c.240.jpg?r2" width="153" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Chapel on the second floor is part of the museum. It was the private oratory of the bishops since the beginning of the 6th century. The chapel was built by Bishop Peter II, who held the office 494-519. The mosaics were made during the construction or soon after.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565256"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/52/56/51565256.8cb78d0c.240.jpg?r2" width="153" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Chapel on the second floor is part of the museum. It was the private oratory of the bishops since the beginning of the 6th century. The chapel was built by Bishop Peter II, who held the office 494-519. The mosaics were made during the construction or soon after.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565192 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-13,doc-51565192 Tue, 13 Sep 2022 11:52:30 +0000 2021-12-01T12:27:57+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565192"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/51/92/51565192.902f1ca2.240.jpg?r2" width="181" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Chapel on the second floor is part of the museum. It was the private oratory of the bishops since the beginning of the 6th century. The chapel was built by Bishop Peter II, who held the office 494-519. The mosaics were made during the construction or soon after.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51565192"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/51/92/51565192.902f1ca2.240.jpg?r2" width="181" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Chapel on the second floor is part of the museum. It was the private oratory of the bishops since the beginning of the 6th century. The chapel was built by Bishop Peter II, who held the office 494-519. The mosaics were made during the construction or soon after.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51564040 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-12,doc-51564040 Mon, 12 Sep 2022 22:12:20 +0000 2021-12-01T12:26:46+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51564040"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/40/40/51564040.60803a37.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="184" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Chapel on the second floor is part of the museum. It was the private oratory of the bishops since the beginning of the 6th century. The chapel was built by Bishop Peter II, who held the office 494-519. The mosaics were made during the construction or soon after.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51564040"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/40/40/51564040.60803a37.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="184" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Chapel on the second floor is part of the museum. It was the private oratory of the bishops since the beginning of the 6th century. The chapel was built by Bishop Peter II, who held the office 494-519. The mosaics were made during the construction or soon after.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51564030 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-12,doc-51564030 Mon, 12 Sep 2022 21:53:46 +0000 2021-12-01T12:36:16+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51564030"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/40/30/51564030.ed32f073.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="223" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The marble rosette is a Paschal calendar of the 6th century. Its purpose was to fix the movable feast of Easter. This calendar follows the eastern lunar cycle: LV on the outer rim, followed by AN indicates the phase of its 19-year cycle; the date then for Easter is written in each recurring phase from 532 AD to 626 AD.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Museo arcivescovile <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51564030"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/40/30/51564030.ed32f073.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="223" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The Archbishop's Museum is located just behind the Duomo. It dates back to the first half of the 18th century. During the reconstruction or rebuilding of Ravenna Cathedral the inscriptions, mosaic fragments and stone monuments (from the 6th century onwards) found there were placed in a lapidarium. At the beginning of the 20th century the museum was rebuilt and objects from churches of the diocese were added.<br /> <br /> The marble rosette is a Paschal calendar of the 6th century. Its purpose was to fix the movable feast of Easter. This calendar follows the eastern lunar cycle: LV on the outer rim, followed by AN indicates the phase of its 19-year cycle; the date then for Easter is written in each recurring phase from 532 AD to 626 AD.<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563900 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-12,doc-51563900 Mon, 12 Sep 2022 20:22:22 +0000 2021-12-01T12:11:13+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563900"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/39/00/51563900.ca65c465.240.jpg?r2" width="202" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the current cathedral of the Archdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia began with the demolition of the previous building in 1734. The architect Giovan Francesco Buonamici created a Baroque basilica with three naves on the plan of a Latin cross, which was consecrated in 1749.<br /> <br /> The predecessor of the current cathedral was "Basilica Ursiana", whose construction began after the transfer of the capital of the Western Roman Empire from Milan to Ravenna in 402. The founder and builder was Bishop Ursus. It was consecrated in 407. The church was about 60 meters long and 35 meters wide.<br /> <br /> This pulpit made of Greek marble already stood in the Basilica Ursiana.<br /> <br /> It was built between 557 and 570 and was later dismantled and built into the walls of the Baroque choir, until it was reconstructed in 1913. On the 36 rectangular panels of each side, there are bas-reliefs with animals.<br /> <br /> The inscription "SERVVS XPI. AGNELLUS. EPISC.[OPUS] HUNC PYRGUM FECIT" reads "The servant of Christ, Bishop Agnellus made this ambo."<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Duomo <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563900"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/39/00/51563900.ca65c465.240.jpg?r2" width="202" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the current cathedral of the Archdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia began with the demolition of the previous building in 1734. The architect Giovan Francesco Buonamici created a Baroque basilica with three naves on the plan of a Latin cross, which was consecrated in 1749.<br /> <br /> The predecessor of the current cathedral was "Basilica Ursiana", whose construction began after the transfer of the capital of the Western Roman Empire from Milan to Ravenna in 402. The founder and builder was Bishop Ursus. It was consecrated in 407. The church was about 60 meters long and 35 meters wide.<br /> <br /> This pulpit made of Greek marble already stood in the Basilica Ursiana.<br /> <br /> It was built between 557 and 570 and was later dismantled and built into the walls of the Baroque choir, until it was reconstructed in 1913. On the 36 rectangular panels of each side, there are bas-reliefs with animals.<br /> <br /> The inscription "SERVVS XPI. AGNELLUS. EPISC.[OPUS] HUNC PYRGUM FECIT" reads "The servant of Christ, Bishop Agnellus made this ambo."<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563890 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-12,doc-51563890 Mon, 12 Sep 2022 19:55:35 +0000 2021-12-01T12:10:04+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563890"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/38/90/51563890.cdf7fde3.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="201" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the current cathedral of the Archdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia began with the demolition of the previous building in 1734. The architect Giovan Francesco Buonamici created a Baroque basilica with three naves on the plan of a Latin cross, which was consecrated in 1749.<br /> <br /> The predecessor of the current cathedral was "Basilica Ursiana", whose construction began after the transfer of the capital of the Western Roman Empire from Milan to Ravenna in 402. The founder and builder was Bishop Ursus. It was consecrated in 407. The church was about 60 meters long and 35 meters wide<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Duomo <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563890"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/38/90/51563890.cdf7fde3.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="201" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The construction of the current cathedral of the Archdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia began with the demolition of the previous building in 1734. The architect Giovan Francesco Buonamici created a Baroque basilica with three naves on the plan of a Latin cross, which was consecrated in 1749.<br /> <br /> The predecessor of the current cathedral was "Basilica Ursiana", whose construction began after the transfer of the capital of the Western Roman Empire from Milan to Ravenna in 402. The founder and builder was Bishop Ursus. It was consecrated in 407. The church was about 60 meters long and 35 meters wide<br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563438 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-12,doc-51563438 Mon, 12 Sep 2022 13:17:28 +0000 2021-12-01T12:17:19+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563438"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/34/38/51563438.5a1fdea8.240.jpg?r2" width="162" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> Already in the early 18th century, there was a church dedicated to St. Justina, where the "Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament" resided. When this church was rededicated, Giovan Francesco Buonamici, who had rebuilt the Cathedral in Baroque style between 1734 and 1745, was commissioned to build a new oratory. The work began in 1747 and was completed in 1750, but the exterior remained unfinished. In 1850 the lantern at the top of the vault was demolished due to structural problems and in 1856 the sober architectural decoration of the exterior was completed.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Chiesa di Santa Giustina <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563438"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/34/38/51563438.5a1fdea8.240.jpg?r2" width="162" height="240" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> Already in the early 18th century, there was a church dedicated to St. Justina, where the "Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament" resided. When this church was rededicated, Giovan Francesco Buonamici, who had rebuilt the Cathedral in Baroque style between 1734 and 1745, was commissioned to build a new oratory. The work began in 1747 and was completed in 1750, but the exterior remained unfinished. In 1850 the lantern at the top of the vault was demolished due to structural problems and in 1856 the sober architectural decoration of the exterior was completed.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563266 tag:ipernity.com,2022-09-12,doc-51563266 Mon, 12 Sep 2022 11:32:39 +0000 2021-12-01T12:02:36+02:00 nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563266"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/32/66/51563266.d9c4c57b.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="181" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The "Baptistery of Neon" is the most ancient monument remaining in the city, it was partly erected on the site of a Roman bath. The baptistery dates back to the 4th or 5th century when Bishop Orso began the construction of the Cathedral of Ravenna. It is an octagonal brick building. The baptistery was finished by Bishop Neon at the end of the 5th century, at which time the mosaics were added.<br /> <br /> The ceiling mosaic depicts John the Baptist baptizing Jesus standing in the Jordan River. A personification of the Jordan, is also present. A procession of the twelve apostles proceeds around the center mosaic.<br /> <br /> Some parts (including the heads of Christ and John; the pouring of the baptismal water from the bowl) were in part heavily altered during restorations in the mid-19th century: Originally Christ was beardless, and baptism was performed by placing the hand on Christ's head.<br /> <br /> St. Peter<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Ravenna - Battistero Neoniano <p class="who"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/323415">Martin M. Miles</a> has posted:</p><p class="preview"><a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/51563266"><img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/32/66/51563266.d9c4c57b.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="181" alt=""/></a></p><div class="description">In Roman times Ravenna was a lagoon city surrounded by water, with at times up to 50.000 inhabitants. The second largest naval base of the Roman Empire was located here.<br /> <br /> In the late 5th century, Roman authority in the West dissolved, and Romulus Augustulus was deposed by the general Odoacer in 476. Odoacer ruled as king of Italy for 13 years, but in 489 the eastern emperor Zeno sent the Ostrogoth king Theoderic to reconquer Italy. After losing the Battle of Verona, Odoacer retreated to Ravenna, where he withstood a three-year siege. In 493, Theoderic finally took Ravenna and supposedly killed Odoacer with his own hands. Ravenna became the capital of the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy.<br /> Theodoric died in 526 and various Ostrogothic military leaders took the Kingdom of Italy, but none was really successful. Meanwhile, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I opposed both Ostrogoth rule. In 535 his general Belisarius invaded Italy and in 540 conquered Ravenna. After the conquest of Italy was completed in 554, Ravenna became the seat of the Byzantine government in Italy. Under Byzantine rule, the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Ravenna held second place in Italy after the pope and played an important role during this period.<br /> <br /> In 751 Lombard king, Aistulf conquered Ravenna, thus ending Byzantine rule in northern Italy. King Pepin of the Franks attacked the Lombards and Ravenna gradually came under the direct authority of the Popes. Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.<br /> <br /> In 1198 Ravenna led a league of Romagna cities against the Emperor. After the war of 1218, the Traversari family was able to impose its rule in the city, but after a short period, Ravenna was returned to the Papal States in 1248 and again to the Traversari until 1275. One of the most illustrious residents of Ravenna at this time was the exiled Florentine poet Dante. In 1441 the city was annexed to the Venetian territories.<br /> <br /> The "Baptistery of Neon" is the most ancient monument remaining in the city, it was partly erected on the site of a Roman bath. The baptistery dates back to the 4th or 5th century when Bishop Orso began the construction of the Cathedral of Ravenna. It is an octagonal brick building. The baptistery was finished by Bishop Neon at the end of the 5th century, at which time the mosaics were added.<br /> <br /> The ceiling mosaic depicts John the Baptist baptizing Jesus standing in the Jordan River. A personification of the Jordan, is also present. A procession of the twelve apostles proceeds around the center mosaic.<br /> <br /> Some parts (including the heads of Christ and John; the pouring of the baptismal water from the bowl) were in part heavily altered during restorations in the mid-19th century: Originally Christ was beardless, and baptism was performed by placing the hand on Christ's head.<br /> <br /> St. Peter<br /> <br /> Find more photos from Ravenna in this album<br /> <a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">www.ipernity.com/doc/323415/album/1330038</a></div> Martin M. Miles