Photos, videos and docs of Martin M. Miles, with the keywords: "baroque"

Paris - St-Paul-St-Louis

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 14 Jan 2026 20:12:39 +0000

Paris is the capital and largest city of France, with over 2 million inhabitants and more than 13 million in the greater metropolitan area.
In 1619, King Louis XIII granted the Jesuits the land on which the present church stands. Commissioned by the order, the church was built between 1627 and 1641 as the monastery church under the direction of the Jesuit architects Étienne Martellange and François Derand. Its design was strongly modeled on the Jesuits' mother church, Il Gesù, in Rome.So iIt was the first church in Paris to break away entirely from the Gothic style and to use the new Baroque style.

In 1762, after a dispute with the King, the Jesuits were expelled from France. The church was transferred to another religious order, but the church continued to have a close relationship with the royal family; the urns containing the hearts of Louis XIII and Louis XIV were kept in the church. The urns were hidden during the French Revolution, and afterwards were transferred to the Abbey of Saint Denis.

During the French Revolution, 5 priests were killed in the church during the September Massacres. The church was closed and turned into a storehouse and a temple of the Cult of Reason and the Supreme Being, before being restored to Catholicism in 1802.

Huelva - Nuestra Señora de la Concepción

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 21:54:56 +0000

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It is believed that trade contacts with the Phoenicians existed from the late 10th century, and it is even assumed that Tartessos was located at this site. In addition to objects made of silver, copper, iron, ivory and stone, many thousands of fragments of clay vessels were found during excavations from around 900 to 770 B.C. in 1998. Huelva was probably an early Phoenician emporium and it was flourishing under the Carthaginians and Romans, who began to mine ore deposits. Under the Visigoths and Arabs, from whom the city was reconquered by Alfonso X the Wise in 1257, the city came to a standstill.

In 1880 it still only had 13,000 inhabitants, then it grew fast. It owes its boom to the mineral deposits on the Rio Tinto (Minas de Riotinto), as from the last quarter of the 19th century, the town became a small British colony. The reason for this was the permission granted by the Spanish government in 1873 for the mines of Riotinto to be commercially developed and utilised by the Rio Tinto Company Limited. As a result, the town and its infrastructure began to grow and the sleepy little village became a modern industrial town of the 19th century and an elegant town in the first centuries of the 20th-

The British also brought football to Spain, which led to the founding of the first football club in Spain - Recreativo Huelva - in 1889.
Nuestra Señora de la Concepción (also known as Parroquia de la Purísima Concepción) is considered the first parish in Spain dedicated to the devotion of the Immaculate Conception.

The building was built in 1515. In 1642, work is known to have been carried out on the decoration of the main chapel. The Lisbon earthquake of 1755 and a smaller one eight years later caused serious damage to the church, with the walls and tower collapsing. It was rebuilt in the decades that followed. It got destroyed in July 1936 during the riots that followed the outbreak of Spanish Civil War. Between 1937 and 1939, it was rebuilt, respecting the baroque additions. It had to be restored again after an earthquake in 1969.

Jerez de los Caballeros - San Bartolomé

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 27 Jul 2024 21:09:12 +0000

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The baroque tower of San Bartolomé is barely recognisable in the fog.

Lucena - Iglesia de San Mateo

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 22:42:24 +0000

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Lucena was known to the Moors as Al-Yussena. From the 9th to the 12th century, Lucena was an important Jewish center and was characterized by a predominantly Jewish population. In the 11th century, there was a large Talmudic academy here.

With the beginning of the Almoravid and Almohad rule, the number of Jews fell drastically. The Jews fled to places in the Christian north, were forcibly converted to Islam or deported as prisoners to North Africa. Lucena was conquered by the Almohads in 1148, after which it ceased to exist as a Jewish center.

Today, Lucena is a city with around 50,000 inhabitants and is known for its “Semana Santa”.

The church of San Mateo was built on the ancient ruins of the main synagogue of Lucena. After the arrival of the Almohad Empire in 1138, the synagogue was converted into a mosque and, finally, in 1240 it was consecrated as a church after the conquest by Ferdinand III of Castile.

In 1498, when Diego Fernández de Córdoba, governor of the Donceles and I Marquis of Comares, decided to demolish the original structure by virtue of its new status and build a new temple under the design of the architect Hernán Ruiz I. The tower was completed in 1501 and the church was probably completed in 1544.

The octagonal tabernacle chapel is a landmark of Andalusian Baroque, designed by Leonardo Antonio de Castro and built between 1740 and 1772

Lucena - Iglesia de San Mateo

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 22:27:00 +0000

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Lucena - Iglesia de San Mateo

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 19:52:40 +0000

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Lucena - Iglesia de San Mateo

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 20 Jul 2024 19:42:44 +0000

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Pamplona - Town Hall

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Tue, 25 Jun 2024 14:17:42 +0000

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In 74 BC, the Roman city was founded by Pompejus on the site of a local settlement. The city served to secure the Pyrenees crossing from Roncesvalles.

Pamplona was destroyed several times in the course of its history:

466 by the Visigoths, 542 by the Franks, 778 by Charlemagne, 924 by Abd ar-Rahman III and in 1521 during the Franco-Spanish War by troops of Francis I.

Its location on the Way of St. James from France gave the capital of the Kingdom of Navarre a boom in the 11th century. With the division of Navarre, the city ultimately came to Spain.

After the conquest of the country and its incorporation into Castile in 1512-1515, Pamplona became one of the outposts of the Spanish crown on the French border. Its mission for 300 years was to secure the border against a possible invasion from France. Fortifications and walls were a vital system of defense, but at the same time prevented the city from expanding.

The town hall with its baroque facade - shortly before Christmas.

Lugo - Casa de Concello

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Fri, 29 Mar 2024 13:10:12 +0000

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Lugo, today a city with a population of about 100.000, claims to be the oldest city in Galicia. Its founding dates back to the expansionist policies of the Romans during the time of Emperor Augustus. Among other things, this aimed to permanently pacify the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Paullus Fabius Maximus founded 14–13 BC. BC in the name of his emperor, the place Lucus Augusti on the site of a building dating back to around 25 BC. BC existing military camp.

It is the only city in the world surrounded by completely intact Roman walls. The wall is between six and eight meters thick, around twelve meters high at the highest point and has 85, mostly semicircular towers. In Roman times the wall had five gates and today it has ten.
The Baroque town hall from 1735.

Ourense - Santa Eufemia

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 13 Mar 2024 23:02:36 +0000

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The Romans were already here and utilised the hot springs. They built a bridge over the river, the Ponte romana, creating an important communication route, which was of course secured by fortifications.

In the 5th century, Ourense became the seat of a bishopric. As the capital of the kingdom of the Suebi, Ourense flourished in the 5th and 6th centuries. The Suebi king Teodomiro († 570) built the first cathedral in Ourense after converting from Arianism to Catholicism.

Constant raids by the Moorish conquerors and the Normans devastated the city to such an extent that it remained almost uninhabited for several centuries. It was rebuilt in 1071 under King Sancho II of Castile. In the following centuries, the city gained importance as a bishop's see, but also as a trading centre. In the 13th century, Ourense was an important trading centre in Galicia due to its geographical location and its large Jewish community. The economic decline began after the expulsion of Ourense's Jews in 1492 by the Catholic Monarchs. In the centuries that followed, Ourense's importance steadily declined.

The Church of Santa Eufemia is a Baroque church just a few metres from the Cathedral of Ourense

St Euphemia is a saint who was martyred at the time of Emperor Hadrian. In 1060, a shepherdess in Campelo discovered a grave from which a hand with a golden ring on one finger protruded. The woman took it and lost her speech. She was only able to regain it after returning the ring to the hand that had it. According to legend, a voice was then heard saying that the tomb of St Eufemia was there.

The mortal remains were buried under the altar of a hermitage between Braga and Orense. In 1159, the bishop of Orense tried to transfer the saint's body to the city cathedral but this was rejected by the parishioners of Braga, which led to a dispute. It was decided to place the body of the saint in a cart pulled by oxen and to bury her remains in the place where the animals went.

The church of Santa Eufemia was built in 1653 as part of a Jesuit college thanks to the Order of the Society of Jesus and was converted into a parish church of the diocese of Ourense in 1767.

Ourense - Santa Eufemia

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Fri, 01 Mar 2024 22:58:58 +0000

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Ourense - Santa Eufemia

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Wed, 13 Mar 2024 22:43:23 +0000

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Leiria - Igreja do Espírito Santo

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Mon, 26 Feb 2024 22:13:04 +0000

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The Romans named the town "Collippo". It was occupied by the Suebi in 414 and later incorporated by Leovigild into the Visigoths kingdom in 585 A.D. Later the Moors occupied the area until it was re-captured by the first King of Portugal, Afonso Henriques in 1135, during the Reconquista.

Both Afonso I of Portugal and Sancho I rebuilt the walls and the Leiria Castle to avoid new enemy incursions. Most of the population lived inside the protective city walls, but already in the 12th century part of the population lived outside the walls.
In the late 14th century, King John I built a royal palace within the walls of the castle of Leiria. This palace, with elegant gothic galleries that offered wonderful views of the town and surrounding landscape, was totally in ruins but was partially rebuilt in the 20th century.

The baroque church was built in the 18th century from an old medieval hermitage.

Segovia - Catedral de Segovia

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 19 Oct 2023 14:55:05 +0000

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A Celtic castle existed here, from which resistance against the Romans originated. The city was nevertheless taken. Afterward, it began to be built as a Roman city and became an important Roman military base.

In the second half of the 5th century, Segovia became part of the Visigoth Empire. From the 8th to the 11th centuries, Segovia was under Moorish possession. In 1085 Alfonso VI conquered the city. From the 13th to the 15th century it was a royal residence.

The predecessor of the Catedral de Segovia (aka "Santa Iglesia Catedral de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción y de San Frutos de Segovia" was a church that began around 1140 when Segovia was repopulated under Alfonso VII. This church was destroyed during a popular uprising in Castile in 1520. In 1525 the cathedral chapter decided to build a new building. The foundation stone was laid in 1525. In 1558 the building was completed up to the transept and was consecrated as a cathedral. It was erected in a late Gothic style, outdated elsewhere in Europe.

In 1614 the large spire was destroyed by lightning. It was made of mahogany imported from America and covered with fire-gilded lead. The cathedral ceilings were also damaged by the fire. During a restoration around 1620, the tower was given its current shape, reduced by 12 m in height.

The cathedral was finally consecrated in 1768. It is 105 m long and 50 m wide. The central nave is 33 m high. The tower measures 88 m.

The baroque altar of the "Santiago Chapel" was created by Pedro de Bolduque in 1595. St. Jaques as "matamoro" is on top, while the legendary translation of the body from Pradon to Santiago is on the bottom.

Valladolid - Universidad de Valladolid

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 17 Sep 2023 11:20:27 +0000

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In the 8th century, Arab-Moorish armies advanced into the north of the Iberian Peninsula, but as early as the 10th century the area was temporarily reconquered by the Christians (Reconquista). In the late 11th century, Count Pedro Ansúrez made the largely depopulated city his residence, expanded it, and promoted its repopulation (repoblación), which is why he is often considered the actual founder of the city. The University of Valladolid was founded in 1241 by Alfonso VIII of Castille. It is one of the oldest universities in the world.

In the 15th century, it became the capital of the Kingdom of Castile until Philip II moved the center of power to the newly built monastery residence Real Sitio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial near Madrid in 1561. In 1561 most of the city burned down but was rebuilt under Philip II.
The first building of the university was built in the 15th century. At the beginning of the 18th century, an expansion of the complex was made by adding another cloister that gave more rooms.

This baroque facade is composed of two stories and gigantic columns, Corinthian capitals. At the top, in the frontispiece, is the statue of the Wisdom, depicted as a matron walking over ignorance.
The complex was destroyed in 1909 by fire, but the facade was kept with the new building.

Hannoversch Münden - St. Blasius

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Thu, 03 Aug 2023 21:00:31 +0000

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Hann. Münden (short for Hannoversch Münden) lies at the confluence of the Fulda and Werra rivers, which join to form the Weser. The founding of the city is not exactly documented. The first mention in a document from 1183 speaks of a city. Around the year 1200 the construction of the city fortifications of Münden began as a city wall with city gates and wall towers.

The shoal of the Werrahohl on the outskirts of the city, which forced the boatmen to unload their goods in the city, was advantageous for Münden. In the 16th century, Münden was an important trading town. Accordingly, trading, transhipment and mooring places along the Werra and Fulda shipping routes developed on the western and northern outskirts of the old town. Above all, woad, glass, textiles and rafts with wood and grain were traded and transported. Herring and other fish came up the Weser from the North Sea. At the beginning of the 14th century there were about 500 houses in the village.

In 1525 Elisabeth von Brandenburg was granted Münden as a dominion. Elisabeth came into contact with the ideas of the Reformation early on and brought the reformer Antonius Corvinus to Münden.

In 1776 almost 20,000 Hessian soldiers were embarked in Münden, who had been hired out by the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel Friedrich II to the Hanoverian Elector and King of Great Britain, George III. They were "used" in combat against American troops in the American Revolutionary War. The return of the soldiers also took place via Münden in November 1783, but hardly more than half returned.

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Three predecessor churches existed, where St. Blasiu is now. Around 1000 there was a chapel, it was extended to the west around 1150 with a Romanesque building. From 1180 to 1190 an extension to the Romanesque basilica with round apses in the side aisles was made, which later burned down.

Today's building was erected in three phases on the foundations of the Romanesque church. From 1260 to 1280 the first bay and the chancel were built. According to an inscription to the left of the south portal, the second phase of construction was completed from 1487 to 1519 with the addition of a sacristy and the substructure of the tower. The ship was also completed at this time.The year 1488 is preserved above the rise of the tower. The tower was completed in the third construction phase from 1535 to 1584. It is octagonal, 58 meters high. From 1584 to 1929 watchmen watched over the city from here.

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The baroque altar was carved between 1695 and 1700 by Johann Andreas Gröber. It is 12 meters high.

Freiberg - Dom St. Marien

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 09 Jul 2023 12:52:04 +0000

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Freiberg came into being around 1162/1170. Between 1156 and 1162, Margrave Otto von Meissen had the forest cleared and several villages laid out, including Christiansdorf. In 1168 silver ore was discovered near Christiansdorf. The promise of special freedoms for the miners attracted numerous miners, traders and craftsmen, along with their families, to the Ore Mountains. Due to the wave of immigration, the city of Freiberg developed within two decades. This name is derived from the important feature, the freedom of mining introduced by Margrave Otto, i.e. the mining rights of every immigrant. Anyone could dig for the silver ore for a fee. The silver could only be sold to the margravial mint. The wealth of silver and the mint made the Electorate of Saxony a prosperous state.

Further development in the 13th century is characterized by constant growth after the municipality was almost completely destroyed by a city fire around 1225. A town school was established in 1260, which had been converted into a Latin school in 1515. In the 14th century, crises gradually emerged, which were mainly caused by the decline in silver production from the middle of the 14th century and by large-scale city fires. In the 15th century, Freiberg lost its leading economic position within Saxony to Leipzig due to the exodus of capital.

The Bergakademie was founded in 1765, one of the world's oldest mining engineering universities.
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Around 1180, the Romanesque basilica "Unserer Lieben Frauen" was built in Freiberg, which was developing rapidly due to the silver that had been found. In 1480, the church was turned into a Collegiate church. However, the college was dissolved after only 57 years due to the reformation of the Electorate of Saxony. In the great fire of 1484, the church was almost completely destroyed. The "Cathedral of St. Mary" was built at the same location as a triple-naved Gothic hall church. The cathedral was reconsecrated in 1512.

An orchstra of baroque angels

Salerno - Cattedrale di Salerno

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 26 Nov 2022 14:54:15 +0000

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Salerno (pop. ~ 130.000) is located on the Gulf of Salerno on the Tyrrhenian Sea. The site has been one of the most important and strategic ports on the Mediterranean sea, yielding a rich Greco-Roman heritage. It was an independent Lombard principality in the early Middle Ages. The Normans in 1077 made Salerno the capital of their rule in all of southern Italy. In the 16th century, under the Sanseverino family, among the most powerful feudal lords in southern Italy, the city became a center of learning, culture, and the arts.

Salerno has been the seat of an archbishop since 983 and the city's medical school is famous for being the first college or "university" of medieval Europe.
The construction of the Cathedral was begun by Robert Guiscard in 1076. This was just three years after the Normans took over the city, which had previously been under Lombard rule for more than 400 years. The church, built on an early Christian church, that was built on the ruins of a Roman temple, was consecrated in 1084 and completed in 1085.

Due to the short construction time, cracks formed repeatedly in the building over the centuries. After severe damage from an earthquake in 1688, the cathedral was restored with baroque alterations. In the 20th century, attempts were made to reconstruct the original facade.

The baroque crypt

Salerno - Cattedrale di Salerno

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sat, 26 Nov 2022 14:32:12 +0000

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Toruń - Bazylika katedralna św. Jana Chrzciciela i św. Jana Ewangelisty

nobody@ipernity.com (Martin M. Miles) — Sun, 05 Jun 2022 21:14:43 +0000

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Already in the 7th century, it was the location of a fortified Slavonic settlement, at a ford in the Vistula river. Thorn was established in 1231 under the administration of the Teutonic Order. The Teutonic Order had been called earlier by the Polish Duke Conrad of Mazovia to Christianize the pagan Baltic Pruzzes. However, the Order became active only after Emperor Frederick II granted it the right to rule over the land to be conquered in 1226. The foundation stone of the city of Thorn was laid in 1231 and soon after immigrants from Westphalia populated the town.

In the 14th century, Thorn joined the Hanseatic League. The Order's efforts to simultaneously expand its sovereignty and control trade led to warlike conflicts. The city was captured by Poland in 1410 during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War however, after the First Peace of Thorn was signed in 1411, the city fell back to the Teutonic Order. In the 1420s, Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło built the Dybów Castle, located in present-day left-bank Toruń.

In 1440, the gentry of Thorn co-founded the Prussian Confederation to further oppose the Knights' policies. The Confederation rose against the Monastic state of the Teutonic Knights in 1454 and its delegation submitted a petition to Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon asking him to regain power over the region as the rightful ruler.
These events led to the Thirteen Years' War. The citizens of the city conquered the Teutonic castle and dismantled the fortifications. In May 1454, a ceremony was held in Toruń, during which the nobility, knights, landowners, mayors, and local officials solemnly swore allegiance to the Polish King. During the war, Toruń financially supported the Polish Army. The Thirteen Years' War ended in 1466, with the Second Peace of Thorn, in which the Teutonic Order renounced any claims to the city and recognized it as part of Poland.

During the Great Northern War (Deluge), the city was besieged by Swedish troops. In the second half of the 17th century, tensions between Catholics and Protestants grew. In the early 18th century about half of the population, especially the gentry and middle class, was German-speaking and Protestant, while the other half was Polish-speaking Roman Catholic.

The old town of Torun is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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The erection of the Toruń Cathedral (Church of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist) was started as a parish church of the old town in about 1270 in the form of a basilica. In 1351, a fire destroyed parts of the building, after which the nave was renewed, abandoning the basilical scheme in favor of a hall church. In 1406 the church tower collapsed, it was rebuilt from 1407 to 1433.

Since 1557 the church was evangelical. From 1583 to 1596 Protestants and Catholics used it together.

The Cathedral is 56.2 meters long and 27.3 meters high. The tower is 52 meters high.