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  <title>Everyone's photos, videos and docs, with the keywords: "rams"</title>
  <link>https://www.ipernity.com/explore/keyword/91723</link>
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    <title>Everyone's photos, videos and docs, with the keywords: "rams"</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/explore/keyword/91723</link>
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  <pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2026 20:39:39 +0000</pubDate>
  <lastBuildDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2026 20:39:39 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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  <item>
    <title>Ovnovi vilaši</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786212</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2021-05-26,doc-50786212</guid>
    <pubDate>Wed, 26 May 2021 13:09:03 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2021-04-30T18:27:16+02:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Petar Bojić)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/1074033"&gt;Petar Bojić&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786212"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/12/50786212.98bf976d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="144" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Ovnovi vilaši</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/1074033"&gt;Petar Bojić&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786212"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/12/50786212.98bf976d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="144" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
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    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/12/50786212.98bf976d.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="144"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/12/50786212.98bf976d.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="60"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Petar Bojić</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Horns</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786208</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2021-05-26,doc-50786208</guid>
    <pubDate>Wed, 26 May 2021 13:08:57 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2011-09-03T11:04:12+02:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Petar Bojić)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/1074033"&gt;Petar Bojić&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786208"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/08/50786208.e138f26e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="176" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Horns</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/1074033"&gt;Petar Bojić&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786208"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/08/50786208.e138f26e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="176" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/08/50786208.c5e8933e.1024.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="1024" height="748" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/08/50786208.e138f26e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="176"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/08/50786208.e138f26e.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="73"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Petar Bojić</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Овнови вилаши</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786206</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2021-05-26,doc-50786206</guid>
    <pubDate>Wed, 26 May 2021 13:08:52 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2011-09-03T11:06:15+02:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Petar Bojić)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/1074033"&gt;Petar Bojić&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786206"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/06/50786206.fd79dc37.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="194" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Овнови вилаши&lt;/b&gt; are rams with long spiral horns. Twisting the horns of young rams is known as &lt;b&gt;vilašenje&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The procedure is performed by drilling a hole above the root of the horn for the young ram, and a wire is passed through the hole, which is tightly wrapped around the horn, which ensures that the horns take the shape of a spiral. The wailing lasts until the ram becomes infertile because then the horn stops growing. A ram precursor or bell-ringer is often waved; every &lt;b&gt;vilaš&lt;/b&gt; is the pride of cattle breeders.&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Овнови вилаши</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/1074033"&gt;Petar Bojić&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/1074033/50786206"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/06/50786206.fd79dc37.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="194" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Овнови вилаши&lt;/b&gt; are rams with long spiral horns. Twisting the horns of young rams is known as &lt;b&gt;vilašenje&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The procedure is performed by drilling a hole above the root of the horn for the young ram, and a wire is passed through the hole, which is tightly wrapped around the horn, which ensures that the horns take the shape of a spiral. The wailing lasts until the ram becomes infertile because then the horn stops growing. A ram precursor or bell-ringer is often waved; every &lt;b&gt;vilaš&lt;/b&gt; is the pride of cattle breeders.&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/06/50786206.b0fa28eb.1024.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="1024" height="824" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/06/50786206.fd79dc37.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="194"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/62/06/50786206.fd79dc37.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="81"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Petar Bojić</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>On Ilkla Moor ...</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/autofantasia/47605684</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2018-11-04,doc-47605684</guid>
    <pubDate>Sun, 04 Nov 2018 19:48:20 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2018-06-25T15:38:54+00:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (autofantasia)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/autofantasia"&gt;autofantasia&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/autofantasia/47605684"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/56/84/47605684.f0ee256e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="161" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;Well, not quite. This was actually shot close to Cod Beck Reservoir on the outskirts of Osmotherley, in North Yorkshire.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Perhaps best viewed large on black.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also for &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/group/362993" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sight and Sound&lt;/a&gt;, a group I'm delighted to see is still going strong.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/u8MWb1FlODQ" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/u8MWb1FlODQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/xUsQ9Qs2DQo" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/xUsQ9Qs2DQo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/qWXwqEGdWLc" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/qWXwqEGdWLc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>On Ilkla Moor ...</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/autofantasia"&gt;autofantasia&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/autofantasia/47605684"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/56/84/47605684.f0ee256e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="161" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;Well, not quite. This was actually shot close to Cod Beck Reservoir on the outskirts of Osmotherley, in North Yorkshire.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Perhaps best viewed large on black.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also for &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/group/362993" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sight and Sound&lt;/a&gt;, a group I'm delighted to see is still going strong.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/u8MWb1FlODQ" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/u8MWb1FlODQ&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/xUsQ9Qs2DQo" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/xUsQ9Qs2DQo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/qWXwqEGdWLc" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/qWXwqEGdWLc&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/56/84/47605684.531cab67.1024.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="1024" height="684" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/56/84/47605684.f0ee256e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="161"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/56/84/47605684.f0ee256e.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="67"/>
    <media:credit role="author">autofantasia</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>Matty Told Hatty ...</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/autofantasia/42998592</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2016-09-11,doc-42998592</guid>
    <pubDate>Sun, 11 Sep 2016 08:35:04 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2016-09-07T13:56:06+01:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (autofantasia)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/autofantasia"&gt;autofantasia&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/autofantasia/42998592"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/85/92/42998592.5a2e8c86.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="151" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;For this week's &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/group/305069" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sunday Challenge&lt;/a&gt;, for which the theme was &lt;b&gt;twins or similarity&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I remembered recently seeing two very dark coated sheep, almost black, up on the moors by Cod Beck Reservoir on the outskirts of Osmotherley and immediately thought they'd make a cool subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sadly, when I went back up there last week with my camera I was unable to get close enough to them due to the fact that they were grazing on the wetter boggier parts of the moor. However, I did manage after several cautious attempts to get close enough to these two.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Not sure if they're twins, but ewe wouldn't be surprised.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also for &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/group/362993" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sight and Sound&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Who remembers Sam The Sham &amp; Pharaohs singing 'Wooly Bully' ... &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/K6P7g_qz2OU" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/K6P7g_qz2OU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/uE_MpQhgtQ8" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/uE_MpQhgtQ8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/GzNNE8JKX10" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/GzNNE8JKX10&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>Matty Told Hatty ...</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/autofantasia"&gt;autofantasia&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/autofantasia/42998592"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/85/92/42998592.5a2e8c86.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="151" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;For this week's &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/group/305069" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sunday Challenge&lt;/a&gt;, for which the theme was &lt;b&gt;twins or similarity&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I remembered recently seeing two very dark coated sheep, almost black, up on the moors by Cod Beck Reservoir on the outskirts of Osmotherley and immediately thought they'd make a cool subject.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sadly, when I went back up there last week with my camera I was unable to get close enough to them due to the fact that they were grazing on the wetter boggier parts of the moor. However, I did manage after several cautious attempts to get close enough to these two.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Not sure if they're twins, but ewe wouldn't be surprised.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also for &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/group/362993" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sight and Sound&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Who remembers Sam The Sham &amp; Pharaohs singing 'Wooly Bully' ... &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/K6P7g_qz2OU" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/K6P7g_qz2OU&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/uE_MpQhgtQ8" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/uE_MpQhgtQ8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://youtu.be/GzNNE8JKX10" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;youtu.be/GzNNE8JKX10&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/85/92/42998592.3178ce54.1024.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="1024" height="642" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/85/92/42998592.5a2e8c86.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="151"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/85/92/42998592.5a2e8c86.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="63"/>
    <media:credit role="author">autofantasia</media:credit>
  </item>
  <item>
    <title>The Hydraulic Ram Is a Perfectly Simple, Effective, and Durable Machine</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001155</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2015-05-14,doc-38001155</guid>
    <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2015 22:10:48 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2015-05-14T18:10:48-04:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Alan Mays)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/aemays"&gt;Alan Mays&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001155"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/55/38001155.9f2cd448.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="136" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;For information about Darius L. Kauffman and hydraulic rams, see the front of this advertising trade card: &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001145" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;The Hydraulic Ram, Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Pa., 1880s&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Spring and Creek Water.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;How to raise it for all purposes!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;The Hydraulic Ram&lt;/strong&gt; is a perfectly simple, effective, and durable machine, for forcing a portion of a spring or brook to many points, at any required distance to a mile or more, and elevations to 300 feet, at the rate of 10 to 1000 gallons per hour, depending on quantity of water, fall, elevation, distance, and size of ram, will furnish a constantly running stream of water to irrigate land, supply dwellings, creameries, livestock, factories, villages, R.R. stations, &amp;c. Thousands in constant use, many over 30 years. Double hydraulic rams will raise fresh spring water with power of creeks without mixing. Have sole agency in Berks, Lehigh, Lancaster, York, Lebanon, and parts of Schuylkill and Dauphin counties for Morrow's Improved Rams, horizontal valve; using the least fall and water. All sizes and kinds of hydraulic rams, pipes, drain tiles, and requisites for furnishing water, forwarded at short notice on most reasonable terms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We prefer to direct, and put them up personally to obtain the best results. Experience is very important. Our work warranted to give entire satisfaction. You need not pump, carry water, or drive stock to creeks.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;To Raise Water without Fall.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;☞The hot air pumping engine&lt;/strong&gt; will lift and force water from deep wells into tanks, especially adapted for domestic use, quarries, mines, and whatever it is required to raise from 100 to 5000 gallons of water per hour, with very little fuel. Has no boiler! No steam! No valve! Is small, powerful, absolutely safe, and as simple as a stove. Over 7000 in use. Will be given on trial if desired. Anyone in need of any of the above, call on or address&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Berks Co., Pa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001145" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;img alt="The Hydraulic Ram, Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Pa., 1880s" src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/45/38001145.351a3f0e.500.jpg?r2" height="283" width="500" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>The Hydraulic Ram Is a Perfectly Simple, Effective, and Durable Machine</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/aemays"&gt;Alan Mays&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001155"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/55/38001155.9f2cd448.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="136" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;For information about Darius L. Kauffman and hydraulic rams, see the front of this advertising trade card: &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001145" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;The Hydraulic Ram, Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Pa., 1880s&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Spring and Creek Water.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;How to raise it for all purposes!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;The Hydraulic Ram&lt;/strong&gt; is a perfectly simple, effective, and durable machine, for forcing a portion of a spring or brook to many points, at any required distance to a mile or more, and elevations to 300 feet, at the rate of 10 to 1000 gallons per hour, depending on quantity of water, fall, elevation, distance, and size of ram, will furnish a constantly running stream of water to irrigate land, supply dwellings, creameries, livestock, factories, villages, R.R. stations, &amp;c. Thousands in constant use, many over 30 years. Double hydraulic rams will raise fresh spring water with power of creeks without mixing. Have sole agency in Berks, Lehigh, Lancaster, York, Lebanon, and parts of Schuylkill and Dauphin counties for Morrow's Improved Rams, horizontal valve; using the least fall and water. All sizes and kinds of hydraulic rams, pipes, drain tiles, and requisites for furnishing water, forwarded at short notice on most reasonable terms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We prefer to direct, and put them up personally to obtain the best results. Experience is very important. Our work warranted to give entire satisfaction. You need not pump, carry water, or drive stock to creeks.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;To Raise Water without Fall.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;☞The hot air pumping engine&lt;/strong&gt; will lift and force water from deep wells into tanks, especially adapted for domestic use, quarries, mines, and whatever it is required to raise from 100 to 5000 gallons of water per hour, with very little fuel. Has no boiler! No steam! No valve! Is small, powerful, absolutely safe, and as simple as a stove. Over 7000 in use. Will be given on trial if desired. Anyone in need of any of the above, call on or address&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Berks Co., Pa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001145" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;img alt="The Hydraulic Ram, Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Pa., 1880s" src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/45/38001145.351a3f0e.500.jpg?r2" height="283" width="500" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
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    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/55/38001155.9f2cd448.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="136"/>
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    <media:credit role="author">Alan Mays</media:credit>
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  <item>
    <title>The Hydraulic Ram, Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Pa., 1880s</title>
    <link>https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001145</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:ipernity.com,2015-05-14,doc-38001145</guid>
    <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2015 22:10:50 +0000</pubDate>
    <dc:date.created>2015-05-14T18:10:50-04:00</dc:date.created>
    <author>nobody@ipernity.com (Alan Mays)</author>
    <description>&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/aemays"&gt;Alan Mays&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001145"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/45/38001145.351a3f0e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="136" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;In this advertising trade card from the 1880s, Darius L. Kauffman revealed his passion for the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_ram" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;hydraulic ram&lt;/a&gt;, which is essentially a water-powered water pump. The front of the card (above) illustrates a ram in action. One pipe draws water from a pond or steam in the wooded area on the right, and then the ram mechanism uses pressure from the water flow to send water through another pipe so that it travels up the hill on the left to reach the livestock grazing there.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001155" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;back of the card&lt;/a&gt; (see below),  Kauffman described the hydraulic ram as "a perfectly simple, effective, and durable machine," which can be used "for forcing a portion of a spring or brook to many points, at any required distance to a mile or more, and elevations to 300 feet, at the rate of 10 to 1000 gallons per hour." In this way, it can "furnish a constantly running stream of water to irrigate land, supply dwellings, creameries, livestock, factories, villages, R.R. stations, &amp;c."&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to hydraulic rams, Kauffman also offered to install "hot air pumping engines," which burned fuel--coal, wood, or gas--to provide the energy for pumping water, and to supply accessories like pipes and tiles for his customers. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tragically, Kauffman died at the age of 33 as he was discussing the hydraulic ram. The &lt;em&gt;Harrisburg Telegraph&lt;/em&gt; (Harrisburg, Pa), on Tuesday, April 16, 1889, p. 2, reported his death in this brief note:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
"An Inventor's Sudden Death. Reading, Pa., April 16. Darius L. Kauffman, an inventor, of Garfield, this county [Berks County], died suddenly at Mossersville, Lehigh county. He was explaining the mechanism of a hydraulic ram in which he was interested, when he fell forward and in a few moments expired. Death was caused by paralysis of the heart."&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;The Hydraulic Ram.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
☞New Hot☜&lt;br /&gt;
Air Pumping Engine.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lead, Plain, and Galvanized Iron Pipes. Drain Tiles, &amp;c.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Berks Co., Pa. (over)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001155" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;img alt="The Hydraulic Ram Is a Perfectly Simple, Effective, and Durable Machine" src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/55/38001155.9f2cd448.500.jpg?r2" height="283" width="500" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
    <media:title>The Hydraulic Ram, Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Pa., 1880s</media:title>
    <media:text type="html">&lt;p class="who"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/home/aemays"&gt;Alan Mays&lt;/a&gt; has posted:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="preview"&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001145"&gt;&lt;img src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/45/38001145.351a3f0e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="136" alt=""/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="description"&gt;In this advertising trade card from the 1880s, Darius L. Kauffman revealed his passion for the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_ram" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;hydraulic ram&lt;/a&gt;, which is essentially a water-powered water pump. The front of the card (above) illustrates a ram in action. One pipe draws water from a pond or steam in the wooded area on the right, and then the ram mechanism uses pressure from the water flow to send water through another pipe so that it travels up the hill on the left to reach the livestock grazing there.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the &lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001155" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;back of the card&lt;/a&gt; (see below),  Kauffman described the hydraulic ram as "a perfectly simple, effective, and durable machine," which can be used "for forcing a portion of a spring or brook to many points, at any required distance to a mile or more, and elevations to 300 feet, at the rate of 10 to 1000 gallons per hour." In this way, it can "furnish a constantly running stream of water to irrigate land, supply dwellings, creameries, livestock, factories, villages, R.R. stations, &amp;c."&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to hydraulic rams, Kauffman also offered to install "hot air pumping engines," which burned fuel--coal, wood, or gas--to provide the energy for pumping water, and to supply accessories like pipes and tiles for his customers. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tragically, Kauffman died at the age of 33 as he was discussing the hydraulic ram. The &lt;em&gt;Harrisburg Telegraph&lt;/em&gt; (Harrisburg, Pa), on Tuesday, April 16, 1889, p. 2, reported his death in this brief note:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
"An Inventor's Sudden Death. Reading, Pa., April 16. Darius L. Kauffman, an inventor, of Garfield, this county [Berks County], died suddenly at Mossersville, Lehigh county. He was explaining the mechanism of a hydraulic ram in which he was interested, when he fell forward and in a few moments expired. Death was caused by paralysis of the heart."&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;The Hydraulic Ram.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
☞New Hot☜&lt;br /&gt;
Air Pumping Engine.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lead, Plain, and Galvanized Iron Pipes. Drain Tiles, &amp;c.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Darius L. Kauffman, Garfield, Berks Co., Pa. (over)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href="https://www.ipernity.com/doc/aemays/38001155" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;img alt="The Hydraulic Ram Is a Perfectly Simple, Effective, and Durable Machine" src="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/55/38001155.9f2cd448.500.jpg?r2" height="283" width="500" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</media:text>
    <media:content url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/45/38001145.d1e7bfda.1024.jpg?r2" type="image/jpeg" width="800" height="452" duration="0" isDefault="true"  />
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/45/38001145.351a3f0e.240.jpg?r2" width="240" height="136"/>
    <media:thumbnail url="https://cdn.ipernity.com/200/11/45/38001145.351a3f0e.100.jpg?r2" width="100" height="57"/>
    <media:credit role="author">Alan Mays</media:credit>
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